RAPID: Post-fire lidar change detection, Eagle Creek fire, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon

RAPID：火灾后激光雷达变化检测，俄勒冈州哥伦比亚河峡谷鹰溪火灾

• 批准号: 1829442
• 负责人: Joshua Roering
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-15 至 2018-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829442&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Post; fire; lidar; change

Increased wildfire activity in the Western U.S. significantly increases the likelihood of rapid, highly destructive debris flows as well as contributes to rapid soil erosion and rockfall. Debris flows emanate from steep catchments where they entrain sediment and debris before entering adjacent lowlands, and thus, they pose an increasingly significant threat to human life and infrastructure. In September 2017, the Eagle Creek fire complex burned nearly 50,000 acres of steep, forested terrain along the southern margin of the Columbia River Gorge in Oregon. Data and field observations necessary to determine the relevance of post-fire geomorphic responses in the Eagle Creek fire region are lacking. This project responds to the severe urgency to collect data and field observations following the fire, and could impact management activities. This project will inform process-based geomorphic models of debris flow potential and provide important constraints on the contribution of extreme events to regional erosion and sediment yield. The work plan includes raster and point-cloud based change-detection with lidar datasets. Lidar analysis documenting changes in the forest and sub-canopy structure between 2014 and 2018 will enable the team to quantify how the disturbance of different components of the vegetation mosaic contribute to sediment transport. Analysis of post-fire land surface change will enable the team to test how grain size and slope angle regulate transport distances owing to disturbance. Fieldwork in summer 2018 will occur before mitigation activities overprint post-fire geomorphic change. The team will identify hillslope sites with thick sediment accumulation that are likely to produce debris flows and identify damage to infrastructure. Various state and federal agencies are involved and a graduate student will receive training from experts in lidar techniques.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国西部的野火活动的增加显着增加了快速，高度破坏性的碎片流的可能性，并有助于迅速的土壤侵蚀和落石。碎屑流从陡峭的流域中散发出来，在进入邻近的低地之前，它们会夹住沉积物和碎屑，因此，它们对人类的生命和基础设施构成了越来越大的威胁。 2017年9月，Eagle Creek Fire Complex烧毁了俄勒冈州哥伦比亚河峡谷南部边缘的近50,000英亩陡峭的森林地形。缺乏确定伊格尔克里克火灾地区火后地貌反应相关性所需的数据和现场观察结果。该项目应对大火后收集数据和现场观察的严重紧迫性，并可能影响管理活动。该项目将为基于过程的碎片流潜能的地貌模型提供信息，并就极端事件对区域侵蚀和沉积物产量的贡献提供重要限制。工作计划包括带有LIDAR数据集的基于栅格和点云的变更检测。 LIDAR分析记录了2014年至2018年之间森林和子构造结构的变化，将使团队能够量化植被镶嵌的不同组成部分的干扰如何有助于沉积物的运输。分析火后地面变化将使团队能够测试晶粒尺寸和斜率角度如何调节由于干扰而调节传输距离。 2018年夏季的实地调查将在缓解活动过度发射后的地貌变化之前进行。该团队将识别出山坡堆积厚的山坡地点，可能会产生碎屑流并确定对基础设施的损害。 涉及各种州和联邦机构，研究生将接受LiDAR技术专家的培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估评估来获得支持的。