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Spiral Wave Initiation in an Electromechanical Model for Human Cardiac Tissue

人体心脏组织机电模型中的螺旋波起始

基本信息

批准号：
246374959
负责人：
Louis Daniel Weise, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institute for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/246374959?language=en
关键词：
Spiral Wave Initiation Electromechanical Model

项目摘要

Heart failure due to cardiac arrhythmias is a major cause of death in the industrialized world. Dangerous types of arrhythmia are caused by spiral waves of electrical activity in the cardiac muscle. Therefore, it is a major task in cardiology to understand mechanisms of spiral wave initiation in the heart.Most previous theoretical studies on spiral wave initiation in the heart did not take the deformation of the heart into account; albeit, the mechanical activity of the heart has been shown to greatly affect the electrical processes.In my PhD thesis I have developed a new modeling framework to study electromechanical activity of cardiac tissue. It couples a simplified model for cardiac excitation with a discrete mechanical description of cardiac elasticity. This model provides an efficient numerical framework to study generic properties of electromechanical processes in cardiac tissue. I used the method to systematically study the basic mechanisms of spiral wave initiation that emerge as a consequence of the complex coupling of the electrical and mechanical processes in the heart. This research delivered promising results: I was able to identify five mechanisms of spiral formation that could occur in the heart.A limitation of that previous work is that my approach does not describe the ionic currents of a cardiac cell and its processes of tension development in detail, but rather employs a generic description. Therefore, I have started to develop of a new model which combines my efficient discrete mechanics model to biophysical models of human cardiac excitation and excitation-contraction coupling.The aim of this project is to use my new approach and determine which of the previously found mechanisms for spiral wave initiation are relevant for human cardiac tissue, and also, identification of new biophysical mechanisms of onset of cardiac arrhythmias. First preliminary results indicate that such new mechanisms are likely to be found. My recent simulations showed that deformation of the heart may promote dynamical instabilities - cardiac alternans - which are considered in experimental, modeling and even clinical work, as predictors for the onset of arrhythmias.

心律失常引起的心力衰竭是工业化国家的主要死亡原因。危险类型的心律失常是由心肌中的螺旋波电活动引起的。因此，研究心脏螺旋波的发生机制是心脏病学的一个重要课题。尽管如此，在我的博士论文中，我开发了一个新的建模框架来研究心脏组织的电机械活动。它耦合一个简化的模型与心脏弹性的离散力学描述的心脏兴奋。该模型提供了一个有效的数值框架，研究在心脏组织中的机电过程的一般属性。我用这种方法系统地研究了螺旋波启动的基本机制，这种机制是心脏中电和机械过程复杂耦合的结果。这项研究提供了有希望的结果：我能够确定可能发生在心脏中的螺旋形成的五种机制。以前工作的一个局限性是，我的方法没有详细描述心脏细胞的离子电流及其张力发展过程，而是采用了一种通用的描述。因此，我已经开始开发一个新的模型，它结合了我的高效离散力学模型的生物物理模型的人类心脏兴奋和兴奋-收缩coupling.The项目的目的是使用我的新的方法，并确定以前发现的机制，螺旋波启动相关的人类心脏组织，并确定新的生物物理机制的心律失常的发病。第一个初步的结果表明，这样的新机制很可能会被发现。我最近的模拟表明，心脏的变形可能会促进动力学不稳定性-心脏交替-这被认为是在实验，建模，甚至临床工作，作为心律失常的发病预测。