CSEDI Collaborative Research: Understanding of the effects of large planetesimal collisions on Hadean Earth mantle dynamics
CSEDI合作研究:了解大型星子碰撞对冥古宙地幔动力学的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:2102571
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 12.29万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The evolution of the Hadean Earth (4-4.5 billion years ago) was shaped by large-scale interplanetary collisions, characterized by impactors with diameters ranging from 1,000 to 4,000 km. The defining characteristics of the Earth, such as oceans, continents, life, and plate tectonics are likely to have appeared for the first time on the Hadean eon. It thus seems inevitable that their emergence would have been affected by these early collisions, though to what extent they were affected remains an open question. In particular, little understood are the effects of these collisions on the internal evolution of the Earth. Collisions are thought to have contributed significantly to the abundance of highly iron-loving elements (e.g., Au, Ir, Ru) in the Earth’s mantle, but the details of their delivery through impacts are not fully understood due to complex mixing processes that arise when a projectile collides with the early Earth. In addition, it is not well-understood how the long-term evolution of the Earth’s mantle could have responded to the injection of materials derived from the impactors. This project introduces an innovative computational approach that combines impact simulations with models that explore the long-term evolution of the Earth’s interior to quantify the delivery of highly iron-loving elements, their distribution in the mantle, and the total mass of late accreted materials. These results allow for an increased understanding of the Hadean Earth surface environment. Moreover, the connections between short-term impact dynamics and long-term mantle dynamics may shed light on the origin of anomalies in the mantle (such as the large low-shear-velocity provinces, which are the most significant anomalies on the deep mantle), the dynamics of mantle plumes, and the history of the geomagnetic field. This project also provides support for interdisciplinary training of a graduate student, an undergraduate internship where the Southwest Research Institute will host 1-2 geophysics major from Yale University, and a series of movies that visualize planetesimal impacts and mantle dynamics for education outreach.The geophysical evolution of Hadean Earth was controlled by large-scale collisions and mantle dynamics, but the interplay of these processes remains largely unexplored. The Earth’s protracted bombardment of leftover planetesimals after the Moon-forming giant impact, called “late accretion”, is supported by the lunar cratering record and is required to explain the abundance of as well as the chondritic proportions of highly siderophile elements (HSEs) in the present-day mantle. Recently, based on impact simulations with smooth-particle hydrodynamics (SPH), the late accreted mass has been suggested to be two to five times higher than previously thought, because the metallic cores of large differentiated planetesimals, where the bulk of HSEs reside, are not efficiently mixed into the mantle. Such an upward revision of late accreted mass could dramatically modify our understanding of the Hadean Earth. This suggestion based on SPH simulations is, however, still provisional because important complications arising from long-term mantle dynamics are not incorporated. Thus, the delivery of HSEs, their distribution in the mantle, and the total mass of the late accretion are still wide-open questions, with important consequences on the Hadean Earth surface environment. This project aims to achieve the following two major objectives: (1) to quantify the fate of differentiated planetesimal cores during impacts, by re-evaluating SPH simulations including the physics of fragmentation, and (2) to understand the long-term fate of fragmented metallic blobs by conducting systematic mantle mixing simulations. The primary goal of this project is to determine the absolute scale of planetesimal impact history, but achieving this goal will also help to address a wide range of important questions, from the habitability of the early Earth to the origin of deep geochemical reservoirs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
Hadean地球(40-45亿年前)的演化是由大规模的星际碰撞决定的,其特点是直径从1,000到4,000公里的撞击。地球的决定性特征,如海洋、大陆、生命和板块构造,很可能是第一次出现在哈迪亚古代。因此,它们的出现似乎不可避免地会受到这些早期碰撞的影响,尽管它们受到了多大程度的影响仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。特别是,人们对这些碰撞对地球内部演化的影响知之甚少。碰撞被认为对地幔中高度亲铁的元素(如Au、Ir、Ru)的丰度做出了重大贡献,但由于弹丸与早期地球碰撞时产生的复杂混合过程,它们通过碰撞传递的细节尚未完全了解。此外,人们还不太清楚地幔的长期演化如何会对撞击产生的物质的注入做出反应。该项目引入了一种创新的计算方法,将撞击模拟与探索地球内部长期演化的模型相结合,以量化高度喜欢铁的元素的输送、它们在地幔中的分布以及后期吸积物质的总质量。这些结果有助于加深对哈迪亚地球表面环境的了解。此外,短期撞击动力学和长期地幔动力学之间的联系可能有助于揭示地幔异常的起源(例如地幔深部最显著的大的低剪切速区)、地幔羽流的动力学以及地磁场的历史。该项目还支持一名研究生的跨学科培训,西南研究院将在那里接待1-2名耶鲁大学地球物理学专业的本科生实习,以及一系列可视化小行星碰撞和地幔动力学的电影,用于户外教育。Hadean地球的地球物理演化受到大范围碰撞和地幔动力学的控制,但这些过程的相互作用在很大程度上仍未被探索。在月球形成的巨型撞击后,地球对剩余星子的长期轰炸被称为“晚期吸积”,这是由月球陨石坑记录支持的,需要解释现代地幔中高度亲铁元素(HSE)的丰富和球粒比例。最近,基于光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)的碰撞模拟,晚期吸积质量被认为是之前认为的两到五倍,这是因为HSE主体所在的大型分化行星的金属核心没有有效地混合到地幔中。这种对晚期吸积质量的向上修正可能会极大地改变我们对赫迪亚地球的理解。然而,基于SPH模拟的这一建议仍然是暂时的,因为长期地幔动力学引起的重要并发症没有包括在内。因此,HSE的输送、它们在地幔中的分布以及晚期吸积的总质量仍然是一个悬而未决的问题,对Hadean地球表面环境具有重要影响。该项目旨在实现以下两个主要目标:(1)通过重新评估包括碎裂物理在内的SPH模拟,量化撞击期间分化的行星小核心的命运,以及(2)通过进行系统的地幔混合模拟,了解碎裂的金属斑点的长期命运。该项目的主要目标是确定行星微小撞击历史的绝对规模,但实现这一目标也将有助于解决一系列重要问题,从早期地球的宜居性到深层地球化学库的起源。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Simone Marchi其他文献
Effects of late accretion impacts on an argon-constrained crustal growth model
晚期吸积撞击对氩限制的地壳生长模型的影响
- DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119493 - 发表时间:
2025-09-15 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.100
- 作者:
Coral K. Chen;Meng Guo;Jun Korenaga;Simone Marchi - 通讯作者:
Simone Marchi
Bellini’s Correspondence: a Digital Scholarly Edition for a Multimedia Museum
贝利尼的通信:多媒体博物馆的数字学术版
- DOI:
10.6092/issn.2532-8816/9162 - 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.8
- 作者:
A. D. Grosso;Erica Capizzi;S. Cristofaro;Maria Luca;Emiliano Giovannetti;Simone Marchi;Graziella Seminara;D. Spampinato - 通讯作者:
D. Spampinato
Investigating the Application of Distributional Semantics to Stylometry
调查分布语义在文体测量中的应用
- DOI:
10.4000/books.aaccademia.1712 - 发表时间:
2016 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Giulia Benotto;Emiliano Giovannetti;Simone Marchi - 通讯作者:
Simone Marchi
Water Vapor Contribution to Ceres' Exosphere From Observed Surface Ice and Postulated Ice‐Exposing Impacts
观测到的表面冰和假设的冰暴露影响对谷神星外逸层的水蒸气贡献
- DOI:
10.1029/2018je005780 - 发表时间:
2018 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
M. Landis;Shane Byrne;J. Combe;Simone Marchi;J. Castillo‐Rogez;H. Sizemore;N. Schorghofer;T. Prettyman;P. Hayne;C. Raymond;Christopher T. Russell - 通讯作者:
Christopher T. Russell
Correction to: The Psyche Topography and Geomorphology Investigation
- DOI:
10.1007/s11214-022-00879-2 - 发表时间:
2022-03-16 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:7.400
- 作者:
Ralf Jaumann;James F. Bell;Carol A. Polanskey;Carol A. Raymond;Erik Aspaugh;David Bercovici;Bruce R. Bills;Richard Binzel;William Bottke;John M. Christoph;Simone Marchi;Alicia Neesemann;Katharina Otto;Ryan S. Park;Frank Preusker;Thomas Roatsch;David A. Williams;Mark A. Wieczorek;Maria T. Zuber - 通讯作者:
Maria T. Zuber
Simone Marchi的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Simone Marchi', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: GLOW Tracing Earths Accretion using Siderophile Element Genetics
合作研究:GLOW 使用亲铁元素遗传学追踪地球吸积
- 批准号:
2219463 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 12.29万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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