Collaborative Research: Axion Resonant InterAction Detection Experiment (ARIADNE) - a Renewal Proposal

合作研究：轴子共振相互作用检测实验（ARIADNE）——更新提案

• 批准号: 2111544
• 负责人: Andrew Geraci
• 金额: $ 35.07万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2111544&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Axion; Resonant; InterAction

The Standard Model of particle physics provides the most current accurate description of the fundamental particles and forces at the subatomic scale. As successful as the Standard Model has proven to be, it is known to be incomplete, requiring extensions to incorporate new elements including particulate dark matter. Axions are hypothesized particles that appear in many extensions of the particle physics Standard Model, including the well-motivated Peccei-Quinn (PQ) theory. The PQ axion may provide explanations for both the anomalous smallness of the measured neutron electric dipole moment, and is also a promising dark matter candidate. The Axion Resonant InterAction DetectioN Experiment (ARIADNE) is designed to search for axion-mediated spin-dependent interactions between nuclei at sub-millimeter ranges. This award supports the collaborative research team to complete the development and construction and initiate operation of the ARIADNE experiment. The unique approach provides the proposed team of postdoctoral, graduate, and undergraduate researchers with a broad training in the techniques of experimental atomic physics, optical pumping, nuclear magnetic resonance, low-temperature physics, micro-fabrication, magnetic shielding, vacuum systems, and modeling. This breadth of expertise will be valuable preparation for opportunities in basic or applied research in the U.S. work force or scientific community. The experimental program involves a diverse group of young career researchers with an emphasis on broadening participation of under-represented groups. In addition, searching for dark matter is a topic with broad public appeal, and the group is involved in local outreach efforts.Axions and axion-like particles also generate macroscopic P-odd and (Time Reversal) T-odd spin-dependent interactions which can be sought in sensitive laboratory experiments. The ARIADNE experiment involves a rotating non-magnetic mass to source the axion field, and a dense ensemble of laser-polarized 3He nuclei to detect the axion field by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The signal from an axion field can be resonantly enhanced by properly modulating the axion potential at the nuclear spin precession frequency. With the start of the data taking stage, new parameter space for the PQ axion and axion-like particles will be explored. In contrast to cosmic axion searches, since the experiment sources the axion field using local matter, this setup is sensitive to the axion even if it does not make up most of the dark matter. Furthermore, by sensing the axion's coupling to nuclei, an entirely complimentary coupling is probed to that sought by Sikivie-type microwave cavity “haloscope'' experiments and their proposed lower- and higher-frequency extensions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

粒子物理的标准模型提供了对基本尺度的基本颗粒和力的最新精确描述。正如标准模型所证明的那样，它是不完整的，需要扩展以结合包括颗粒暗物质在内的新元素。轴是假设的颗粒，它们出现在粒子物理标准模型的许多扩展中，包括动机良好的Peccei-Quinn（PQ）理论。 PQ轴可以为测得的中性电偶极矩的异常小度提供解释，也是有望的暗物质候选者。轴突谐振相互作用检测实验（ARIADNE）旨在寻找轴介导的自旋依赖性相互作用，在亚毫米范围内的核依赖性相互作用。该奖项支持合作研究团队完成Ariadne实验的开发和构建和启动操作。独特的方法为拟议的博士后，研究生和本科研究人员提供了广泛的培训，该团队在实验原子物理学，光学泵送，核磁共振，低温物理学，微型工艺，磁性屏蔽，真空系统和建模方面进行了广泛的培训。这些专业知识的广度将为美国劳动力或科学界的基础或应用研究机会提供宝贵的准备。实验计划涉及一群年轻的职业研究人员，重点是扩大代表性不足的群体的参与。此外，寻找暗物质是一个具有广泛公开外观的话题，该小组参与了当地的外展工作。轴轴和类似轴的颗粒还产生宏观P-ODD和（时间逆转）T-ODD旋转依赖性相互作用，可以在敏感的实验室实验中感知。 Ariadne实验涉及一个旋转的非磁性质量来源，以获取轴突场，并具有激光偏振的3HE核的密集合奏，以检测NMR（核磁共振）的轴向场。通过在核旋转预防频率下正确调节轴突电位，可以共同增强轴心场的信号。随着数据的开始阶段，将探索用于PQ轴和类似轴突的颗粒的新参数空间。与宇宙轴搜索相反，由于实验使用局部物质来源，因此该设置对轴是敏感，即使它不构成大部分暗物质。此外，通过感知轴心与核的耦合，锡基维型微波腔“悬垂型”实验及其拟议的下层和高等法的扩展所探索的完全免费的耦合被探究了。 标准。

项目成果

Characterization of magnetic field noise in the ARIADNE source mass rotor

ARIADNE 源质量转子中磁场噪声的表征

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.4.013090
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review Research
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Aggarwal, Nancy;Schnabel, A.;Voigt, J.;Brown, Alex;Long, J. C.;Knappe-Grueneberg, S.;Kilian, W.;Fang, A.;Geraci, A. A.;Kapitulnik, A.
• 通讯作者: Kapitulnik, A.

A method for controlling the magnetic field near a superconducting boundary in the ARIADNE axion experiment

ARIADNE轴子实验中超导边界附近磁场的控制方法

• DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/abf1cc
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Quantum Science and Technology
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Fosbinder-Elkins, H.;Kim, Y.;Dargert, J.;Harkness, M.;Geraci, A. A.;Levenson-Falk, E.;Mumford, S.;Fang, A.;Kapitulnik, A.;Matlashov, A.
• 通讯作者: Matlashov, A.