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Quantum Field Theory and String Theory

量子场论和弦论

基本信息

批准号：
2111977
负责人：
Silviu Pufu
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
Princeton University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2111977&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Quantum Field Theory String

项目摘要

This award funds the research activities of Professor Silviu Pufu at Princeton University.One of the important problems in theoretical physics is that of finding universal patterns governing the behavior of systems composed of large numbers of constituents that interact very strongly. Examples of such systems range from boiling water at high pressure, or the plasma that forms as a result of a collision between heavy ions, to new phases of quantum matter that currently are only conjectured to exist. Professor Pufu will develop theoretical tools for understanding how the physics that describes the short-distance behavior of such systems constrains the physics that describes the behavior of these systems at longer length scales. These tools are partly based on ideas from string theory, whereby one can study such strongly-interacting systems by instead studying gravity in a higher-dimensional space. Research in this area advances the national interest by promoting the progress of science in one of its most fundamental directions: the discovery and understanding of new physical laws. This project also has an important educational and mentoring component which includes engaging undergraduates, graduate students, and postdocs in research, and thereby preparing them for successful scientific careers.At a more technical level, one of the goals of this project is to enhance our understanding of how a quantum system can be described holographically as a higher-dimensional theory of Quantum Gravity. Towards this goal, Professor Pufu will explore the relation between conformal field theory correlators of operators with spin, and flat-space scattering amplitudes in one dimension higher. He will also use an effective field theory approach to investigate what information about Quantum Gravity is encoded in quantities such as the sphere free energy of conformal field theories with holographic duals. Lastly, Professor Pufu will study toy models of the gauge/gravity duality that are based on exact results in strongly-interacting quantum field theories that possess supersymmetry. Another goal of this project is to study analogs of Quantum Chromodynamics in two dimensions that can be used to extract lessons about color confinement and screening of probe quarks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项资助了普林斯顿大学教授西尔维奥·普夫的研究活动。理论物理学的重要问题之一是找到控制由大量相互作用非常强烈的成分组成的系统行为的普遍模式。这类系统的例子包括高压沸水，或重离子碰撞形成的等离子体，以及目前仅存在的量子物质的新相。普夫教授将开发理论工具，用于理解描述此类系统的短距离行为的物理学如何约束描述这些系统在较长长度尺度上的行为的物理学。这些工具部分基于弦理论的思想，人们可以通过研究高维空间中的引力来研究这种强相互作用系统。这一领域的研究通过促进科学在其最基本的方向之一的进步来促进国家利益：发现和理解新的物理定律。这个项目也有一个重要的教育和指导的组成部分，其中包括从事研究的本科生，研究生和博士后，从而为他们成功的科学生涯做好准备。在更技术的层面上，这个项目的目标之一是提高我们对量子系统如何可以全息描述为量子引力的高维理论的理解。为此，蒲福教授将探讨具有自旋的算子的共形场论算符与一维更高的平面空间散射振幅之间的关系。他还将使用有效的场论方法来研究量子引力的信息编码在数量上，如全息投影的共形场论的球体自由能。最后，普夫教授将研究基于具有超对称性的强相互作用量子场论的精确结果的规范/引力对偶性的玩具模型。该项目的另一个目标是研究二维量子色动力学的类似物，可用于提取关于颜色限制和探测夸克筛选的经验教训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。