Dense Extended Hydrocarbon Framework Materials (3D Polymers)

稠密扩展烃骨架材料（3D 聚合物）

• 批准号: 2112653
• 负责人: Choong-Shik Yoo
• 金额: $ 56.17万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2112653&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dense; Extended; Hydrocarbon; Framework; Materials

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYPolymeric solids made of simple hydrocarbons are primarily in one-dimensional (1D) chains and less frequently in 2D polymers like graphene. While research efforts aimed at the development of 3D hydrocarbon polymers have resulted in low-density covalent-organic and metal-organic frameworks, the synthesis of dense 3D hydrocarbon framework polymers with high strength and high chemical energy density has not been achieved. These extended solids, when made of low Z elements, are intrinsically hard yet light, e.g., diamond and c-BN, and often exhibit superior thermal, mechanical, chemical, and electro-optical properties and constitute a new class of novel materials. With this project, supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research, Professor Choong-Shik Yoo and his research group at Washington State University (WSU) will investigate pressure-induced transformations of dense solid mixtures of first- and second-row elemental solids, aimed at development of dense extended framework materials (EFM) amenable to the stabilization at ambient conditions. This research will provide exceptional education and training opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students and postdoctoral researchers through significant hands-on experience in cutting-edge experimental technologies at WSU, large-science user facilities (APS, LCLS, XFEL), and DOE national laboratories (LLNL, LANL, SNL). The multidisciplinary nature of this project also provides students unique experience in working across many academic disciplines, often on large-scale high-profile research, with ample opportunities of enabling collaborations.TECHNICAL SUMMARYDense framework structures are ubiquitous at high pressures, but often formed at formidably high pressures and become unstable upon releasing the pressure. As a result, only a few systems have been recovered at ambient conditions, limiting the materials at the realm of fundamental scientific discovery and advocating an exciting new research area to understand and, ultimately, control the stability, bonding, structure, and properties of low Z extended solids. This project, supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research, will use large compression, dense solid mixtures, and kinetic controlled processes to control the structure, bonding and stability of extended framework materials (EFM) made primarily of covalent C/H/N/O single bonds. The proposed research efforts will be focused on three-specific solid-state chemical reactions under pressures: (A) Copolymerization to stoichiometric high-strength EFM; (B) Redox chemistry to nonstoichiometric interstitial-filled multifunctional EFM; and (C) Interface chemistry to nm-scale EFM encapsulated in low-dimensional carbon and BN. Through scientific discoveries and innovative materials developments, the proposed research will exploit the structure-property-functional relationships of various forms of EFM, elucidate the basic principles governing dense solid-state chemistries, and demonstrate the revolutionary capabilities of multifunctional EFM sustainable to extreme mechanical, thermal and chemical conditions. The proposed research strategy involves application of a broad range of complimentary scientific approaches from solid-state materials chemistry, condensed matter physics, physical chemistry, materials science and engineering, thus achieving the impact well beyond the subject matter of this proposal.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术概述由简单烃制成的聚合物固体主要是一维（1D）链，较少出现在2D聚合物中，如石墨烯。虽然旨在开发3D碳氢化合物聚合物的研究工作已经产生了低密度的共价有机和金属有机骨架，但尚未实现具有高强度和高化学能密度的致密3D碳氢化合物骨架聚合物的合成。 这些扩展固体当由低Z元素制成时，本质上很硬但很轻，例如，金刚石和c-BN，并且通常表现出上级的热、机械、化学和电光性能，构成了一类新的新型材料。通过该项目，在材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划的支持下，华盛顿州立大学（WSU）的Choong-Shik Yoo教授和他的研究小组将研究第一和第二行元素固体的致密固体混合物的压力诱导转化，旨在开发适合于环境条件下稳定的致密扩展框架材料（EFM）。 这项研究将通过在WSU，大型科学用户设施（APS，LCLS，XFEL）和DOE国家实验室（LLNL，LANL，SNL）的尖端实验技术方面的重要实践经验，为研究生，本科生和博士后研究人员提供特殊的教育和培训机会。该项目的多学科性质也为学生提供了跨多个学科工作的独特经验，通常是大规模的高知名度研究，并有充分的合作机会。技术总结密集的框架结构在高压下普遍存在，但通常在可怕的高压下形成，并在释放压力时变得不稳定。 因此，只有少数系统已恢复在环境条件下，限制在基础科学发现领域的材料，并倡导一个令人兴奋的新的研究领域，以了解并最终控制低Z扩展固体的稳定性，键合，结构和性能。该项目由材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划支持，将使用大压缩，致密的固体混合物和动力学控制过程来控制主要由共价C/H/N/O单键制成的扩展框架材料（EFM）的结构，键合和稳定性。拟议的研究工作将集中在三个特定的固态化学反应压力下：（A）共聚化学计量的高强度EFM;（B）氧化还原化学非化学计量的陶瓷填充的多功能EFM;和（C）界面化学纳米级EFM封装在低维碳和BN。通过科学发现和创新材料的开发，拟议的研究将利用各种形式的EFM的结构-性能-功能关系，阐明控制致密固态化学的基本原理，并展示多功能EFM可持续极端机械，热和化学条件的革命性能力。拟议的研究战略涉及应用广泛的互补科学方法，从固态材料化学，凝聚态物理，物理化学，材料科学与工程，该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过利用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响评审进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.