Doctoral Dissertation Research: Investigating Community Resilience across Repeated Volcanic Events in Katmai, Alaska

这个考古项目探索阿拉斯加半岛火山活跃的Katmai地区的占领历史。对1912年诺瓦鲁塔火山大规模喷发后被遗弃的两个村庄进行的考古研究将量化在人力、自然、社会、经济和已建资本方面的投资对社区的影响。在一个考古记录中火山喷发的速度似乎远远超过文化变迁的地区，在反复发生的火山事件中持续的社区投资预计将揭示当地和地区的减灾战略。确定有助于恢复能力的社区特征有可能为当前和未来的危险规划提供信息。了解这些过去的相互作用至关重要，因为气候变化和海平面上升继续改变着北极和南极洲的生活方式，影响着资源的获取，并破坏着文化遗产。阿拉斯加半岛上的两个多组成部分的村庄将应用整体社区资本框架。Katmai村和Savonoski位于一个主要火山震中两侧的不同环境区，在1912年被大约60厘米的火山灰掩埋之前一直被占领。这些遗址的考古特征将使用磁力测量进行识别和绘制地图，而有针对性的挖掘将恢复放射性碳样本和诊断文物，以产生绝对年表。对石器和陶瓷制品的分析，包括X射线荧光和中子激活，将有助于重建区域交换网络。由于Katmai村和Savonoski对今天生活在阿拉斯加半岛的Alutiit/Sugpiat社区仍然具有重要意义，项目参与者将共同设计一个教育课程和体验计划，让当地的K-12学生和文化承担者参与对他们的历史和遗产的考古研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This archaeological project explores the occupation history of the volcanically active Katmai region of the Alaska Peninsula. Archaeological research at two villages abandoned after the massive Novarupta eruption of 1912 will quantify how investments in human, natural, social, economic and built capital affected communities. In a region where the rate of volcanic eruptions in the archaeological record appears to far outpace cultural change, persistent community investments across repeated volcanic events are anticipated to reveal both local and regional strategies for mitigating disaster. Identifying community characteristics that contribute to resiliency has potential to inform planning around current and future hazards. Understanding these past interactions is critical, as climate change and rising sea levels continue to alter lifeways, affect resource access and destroy cultural heritage across the Arctic and Subarctic.The holistic community capitals framework will be applied to two multicomponent village sites on the Alaska Peninsula. Katmai Village and Savonoski, situated in different environmental zones on either side of a major volcanic epicenter, were occupied until 1912 when they were buried by approximately 60 cm of volcanic ash. Archaeological features at the sites will be identified and mapped using magnetometry, while targeted excavations will recover radiocarbon samples and diagnostic artifacts to produce absolute chronologies. Analysis of lithic and ceramic artifacts, including X-ray fluorescence and neutron activation, will contribute to reconstruction of regional exchange networks. Because Katmai Village and Savonoski continue to hold significant meaning for Alutiit/Sugpiat communities living on the Alaska Peninsula today, project participants will co-design an educational curriculum and experiential program that engages local K-12 students and culture bearers with the archaeological study of their history and heritage.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.