Investigation of soil fungal communities in paddy soils - application of novol molecular techniques

水稻土土壤真菌群落调查——Novol分子技术的应用

• 批准号: 24838655
• 负责人: Dr. Jan Kuever
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Zentrum für Umweltforschung und nachhaltige Technologien (UFT)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/24838655?language=en
• 关键词: Investigation; soil; fungal; communities; paddy

There is a great need in microbiology and soil science to develop novel methods for a better understanding of the ecology and suit behaviour of soil fungi pathogens and those involved in decomposition processes. In addition, our knowledge of plant beneficial fungal organisms is limited, one reason being that detection of fungi involved in such processes is often difficult due to the reluctance of many such fungi to grow on agar plates. In recent years direct nucleic acid extraction approaches have become more widely applied during investigations of soil fungal ecology and are beginning to provide significant advances in understanding the genetic diversity of soil fungal communities. This project addresses the implementation of the modern molecular techniques DGGE and FISH in combination with micropedological methods to investigate fungal communities in rice paddy soils. Paddy soilsPaketantrag `Boden und Umweltforschung¿ TP3: Microbial dynamics in paddy soils related to soil structure dynamics using 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes (FISH) will serve as a model system, since there is a lack of information about their fungi under drought or post-harvest fallow conditions. Our project will address development of paddy soil fungal communities linked to the availability of organic matter such as rice straw. Since local and global air quality concerns have resulted in the reduction or outright banning of straw burning, the search for alternatives has become essential, especially for our partners in China. They are members of the Sino-German Research Group On Soil Science and the Soil Environment and have already had considerable experience in investigating microbial communities in Chinese paddy soils. One long-term objective is to identify optimal rice straw management practices based on a better understanding of the interaction of bacteria and fungi during rice straw decomposition in paddy soils. This might be crucial in reducing methane emissions from paddy soils, while also making a valuable contribution to the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices in East Asia.

微生物学和土壤科学非常需要开发新的方法，以更好地了解土壤真菌病原体和参与分解过程的真菌的生态学和适应行为。此外，我们对植物有益的真菌生物体的了解是有限的，一个原因是，由于许多这样的真菌不愿意在琼脂平板上生长，因此检测参与这些过程的真菌通常是困难的。近年来，直接核酸提取方法在土壤真菌生态学研究中得到了越来越广泛的应用，并开始为了解土壤真菌群落的遗传多样性提供重要的进展。本研究旨在应用DGGE和FISH等现代分子生物学技术，结合土壤微生物学方法，对水稻土中的真菌群落进行研究。水稻土Paketantrag `博登und Umweltforschung TP 3：由于缺乏干旱或收获后休耕条件下水稻土真菌的信息，因此使用16 S rRNA靶向寡核苷酸探针（FISH）研究水稻土中与土壤结构动态相关的微生物动态将作为模型系统。我们的项目将解决与有机质（如稻草）的可用性相关的水稻土真菌群落的发展。由于当地和全球的空气质量问题导致减少或完全禁止秸秆焚烧，寻找替代品变得至关重要，特别是对我们在中国的合作伙伴来说。他们是中德土壤科学与土壤环境研究小组的成员，在中国水稻土微生物群落研究方面已有相当丰富的经验。一个长期的目标是确定最佳的稻草管理措施的基础上更好地了解水稻土中的稻草分解过程中的细菌和真菌的相互作用。这可能对减少稻田土壤的甲烷排放至关重要，同时也为东亚实施可持续农业做法做出了宝贵贡献。