Integrating the fossil record with computer simulation to reconstruct posture and locomotor evolution in the ancestors of mammals
将化石记录与计算机模拟相结合,重建哺乳动物祖先的姿势和运动进化
基本信息
- 批准号:2122115
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 54.43万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-09-15 至 2024-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
A distinguishing feature of modern mammals is how they stand and move: they hold their limbs straight underneath their body, and this ‘erect’ mode of locomotion has profoundly influenced their evolutionary success and ecological diversity. The fossil record shows that the early ancestors of mammals (~300 million years ago) looked and moved more like reptiles, using a ‘sprawled’ posture with the limbs held out to the side of the body. An enduring question in evolutionary biology is how and when the transition from sprawled to erect posture occurred during the rise of mammals. This project will use the exceptional fossil record of mammal ancestors – rivalling that of dinosaurs – and data from modern species to answer this fundamental question. Cutting-edge biomechanical methods, originally developed for aerospace and medical research, will be applied to develop sophisticated computer simulations of locomotion in extinct species, virtually bringing them back to life and deepening our understanding of a quintessentially mammalian characteristic. The results of this project will provide the foundation for a strong program of outreach that targets increasing diversity in the sciences, and combats misperceptions about paleontologists. Summer workshops, hosted in local communities, will use both physical and virtual interactive displays to encourage those from underrepresented groups to see paleontology, biomechanics, and computer simulation as accessible career fields, stimulating the next generation of scientists. Paid summer internship programs involving local high school students will also be incorporated, providing interns first-hand experience in research, museum collections management and public communication activities. Students will also act as near-peer role models in helping to deliver workshops in surrounding communities. Research outcomes will be disseminated to the scientific community through conference presentations, open-access publications, and online webinars dedicated to showcasing interdisciplinary research in paleontology and biomechanics.Modern mammals display remarkable locomotor diversity, which has been facilitated by profound transformation in anatomy and function that occurred in their extinct ancestors, the non-mammalian synapsids. Fundamental to this was a shift in stance and gait, from a reptilian ‘sprawl’ to the ‘erect’ mode used by living terrestrial mammals. Despite its pivotal importance in mammal evolution, how and when the sprawling-to-erect transition occurred remains poorly understood. Furthermore, it is unclear what anatomical and mechanical factors facilitated or constrained this transition. This project will address these issues by synthesizing the exemplary fossil record of non-mammalian synapsids with cutting-edge analytical and simulation approaches in biomechanics to unravel the history of locomotor transformation on the line to mammals. The project will: 1) tackle locomotor function at multiple scales, from structural transformation in individual bones through to whole-organism functional integration and performance; 2) produce rigorous and quantitative assessments of limb function, performance, and versatility; 3) develop dynamic simulations of three-dimensional gait cycles in a range of extinct species; and 4) recreate the sequence of events and adaptive drivers that culminated in modern mammalian locomotion. By leveraging exceptional fossil material, detailed anatomical data from modern species and sophisticated computational biomechanical methods, the project will produce the first broad-scale, physics-based assessments of posture and locomotor performance in numerous key taxa spanning the sprawling-to-erect transition. The methods used and insights gained will provide a powerful, new perspective on how anatomical and mechanical factors can shape macroevolutionary change in a lineage and give rise to new major clades of animals, paving the way forward for rigorous investigation of other major evolutionary transitions in vertebrate history.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
现代哺乳动物的一个显著特征是它们的站立和移动方式:它们将四肢笔直地放在身体下方,这种直立的运动模式深刻地影响了它们的进化成功和生态多样性。化石记录显示,哺乳动物的早期祖先(约3亿年前)的外表和动作更像爬行动物,使用的是四肢伸向身体一侧的伸展姿势。进化生物学中一个经久不衰的问题是,在哺乳动物的兴起期间,从四肢张开到直立的转变是如何以及何时发生的。这个项目将使用哺乳动物祖先的非凡化石记录--与恐龙相媲美--以及来自现代物种的数据来回答这个基本问题。尖端的生物力学方法最初是为航空航天和医学研究开发的,将被应用于开发复杂的计算机模拟灭绝物种的运动,实际上使它们复活,并加深我们对哺乳动物典型特征的理解。该项目的结果将为一个强有力的推广计划奠定基础,该计划旨在增加科学的多样性,并与对古生物学家的误解作斗争。暑期研讨会在当地社区举办,将使用实物和虚拟互动展示,鼓励那些来自代表不足的群体的人将古生物学、生物力学和计算机模拟视为可进入的职业领域,激励下一代科学家。还将纳入有当地高中生参加的带薪暑期实习项目,为实习生提供研究、博物馆藏品管理和公共沟通活动方面的第一手经验。学生还将在帮助周边社区举办研讨会方面发挥近乎同行的榜样作用。研究成果将通过会议演讲、开放获取出版物和在线网络研讨会传播给科学界,这些研讨会致力于展示古生物学和生物力学的跨学科研究。现代哺乳动物表现出显著的运动多样性,这得益于它们灭绝的祖先-非哺乳动物突触发生的解剖学和功能的深刻变化。最根本的是站姿和步态的转变,从爬行动物的“伸展”模式转变为现存陆地哺乳动物的“直立”模式。尽管它在哺乳动物进化中至关重要,但从伸展到勃起的转变是如何以及何时发生的,人们仍然知之甚少。此外,目前还不清楚是什么解剖和机械因素促进或制约了这种转变。这个项目将通过将非哺乳动物突触的典型化石记录与生物力学中的尖端分析和模拟方法相结合来解决这些问题,以揭示从哺乳动物到哺乳动物的运动转化的历史。该项目将:1)在多个尺度上处理运动功能,从单个骨骼的结构变化到整个有机体的功能整合和表现;2)对肢体功能、性能和多功能性进行严格和定量的评估;3)在一系列灭绝物种中开发三维步态周期的动态模拟;以及4)重建最终导致现代哺乳动物运动的事件序列和适应性驱动因素。通过利用特殊的化石材料、来自现代物种的详细解剖数据和复杂的计算生物力学方法,该项目将对横跨从蔓延到直立过渡的众多关键类群的姿势和运动性能进行首次广泛的、基于物理的评估。所使用的方法和获得的见解将提供一个强大的新视角,了解解剖和机械因素如何塑造一个谱系的宏观进化变化,并产生新的主要动物分支,为严格研究脊椎动物历史上的其他重大进化转变铺平道路。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Enigmatic Humerus from the Mid-Permian of South Africa Bridges the Anatomical Gap between “Pelycosaurs” and Therapsids
- DOI:10.1080/02724634.2023.2170805
- 发表时间:2022-09
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.4
- 作者:P. Bishop;L. Norton;S. Jirah;M. Day;B. Rubidge;S. Pierce
- 通讯作者:P. Bishop;L. Norton;S. Jirah;M. Day;B. Rubidge;S. Pierce
Comparison of Hindlimb Muscle Architecture Properties in Small-Bodied, Generalist Mammals Suggests Similarity in Soft Tissue Anatomy
- DOI:10.1007/s10914-022-09608-6
- 发表时间:2022-04
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.9
- 作者:M. Wright;K. Sears;S. Pierce
- 通讯作者:M. Wright;K. Sears;S. Pierce
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Stephanie E Pierce其他文献
Stephanie E Pierce的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('Stephanie E Pierce', 18)}}的其他基金
NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: The first actinopterygian ‘adaptive radiation’: integrating fossils, function and phylogeny to illuminate innovation in a post-extinction w
NSFGEO-NERC:合作研究:第一个放线虫“适应性辐射”:整合化石、功能和系统发育以阐明灭绝后世界的创新
- 批准号:
2219069 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Evolving the mammalian forelimb: modeling musculoskeletal transformation in the forerunners of mammals
合作研究:哺乳动物前肢的进化:模拟哺乳动物先行者的肌肉骨骼转化
- 批准号:
1754459 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Evolution of Crocodylian Cranial Development
论文研究:鳄鱼颅骨发育的进化
- 批准号:
1701745 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Macroevolutionary drivers of digit reduction in fossil horses
论文研究:化石马趾数减少的宏观进化驱动因素
- 批准号:
1701656 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Functional evolution of the mammalian backbone: insights from the forerunners of mammals
合作研究:哺乳动物脊椎的功能进化:哺乳动物先驱者的见解
- 批准号:
1524523 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
相似国自然基金
湘西寒武纪王村化石库(fossil Lagerstatte)的研究
- 批准号:41372015
- 批准年份:2013
- 资助金额:90.0 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
相似海外基金
Postdoctoral Fellowship: EAR-PF: Novel approaches to evaluating the quality of the global fossil record: the frontier between taphonomy and phylogenetics
博士后奖学金:EAR-PF:评估全球化石记录质量的新方法:埋藏学和系统发育学之间的前沿
- 批准号:
2305564 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship Award
Do seamounts on fossil oceanic spreading centers record triple-junction migration or mantle-plume activity? Guadalupe Island, Mexico as an archetype
化石海洋扩张中心的海山是否记录了三交点迁移或地幔柱活动?
- 批准号:
2236476 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Evaluating patterns in extinction through the ant fossil record
通过蚂蚁化石记录评估灭绝模式
- 批准号:
23KF0160 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
Postdoctoral Fellowship: EAR-PF: Using paleogeography and the fossil record to characterize the influence of scale on species range trajectories
博士后奖学金:EAR-PF:利用古地理学和化石记录来描述规模对物种范围轨迹的影响
- 批准号:
2305234 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship Award
EAR-PF: What drove localized pyrite formation and taphonomic bias in the fossil record?
EAR-PF:是什么推动了化石记录中局部黄铁矿的形成和埋藏学偏差?
- 批准号:
2203550 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship Award
Evaluating teeth as fossil records of children's prenatal/perinatal trauma exposure and future mental health risk
评估牙齿作为儿童产前/围产期创伤暴露和未来心理健康风险的化石记录
- 批准号:
10580772 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Fossil record of New Brunswick to shed new light on early vertebrate evolution
新不伦瑞克省的化石记录为早期脊椎动物进化提供了新的线索
- 批准号:
570412-2021 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Alliance Grants
Evaluating teeth as fossil records of children's prenatal/perinatal trauma exposure and future mental health risk
评估牙齿作为儿童产前/围产期创伤暴露和未来心理健康风险的化石记录
- 批准号:
10354569 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
The fossil record of freshwater dinoflagellates and green algae in paleoenvironmental studies
古环境研究中淡水甲藻和绿藻的化石记录
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2018-03924 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Patterns and Processes and Biodiversity and Paleoenvironmental Change in the Ordovician-Silurian Marine Fossil Record in Nunavut, Arctic Canada
加拿大北极地区努纳武特地区奥陶纪-志留纪海洋化石记录的模式和过程以及生物多样性和古环境变化
- 批准号:
517981-2018 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 54.43万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement