Doctoral Dissertation Research: Unveiling Conceptual Shifts and Novel Dynamics in Genetic Engineering Science: A Gene Drive Case Study

博士论文研究：揭示基因工程科学中的概念转变和新动态：基因驱动案例研究

• 批准号: 2122621
• 负责人: Manfred Laubichler
• 金额: $ 1.51万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2122621&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Unveiling; Conceptual

How is knowledge created at the intersections between basic science, biotechnology, and industry? Gene drives are an interesting example, as they combine a long-standing interest with a recent technological breakthrough and a new set of commercial applications. Gene drives are genes engineered such that they are preferentially inherited at a frequency greater than the typical Mendelian fifty percent. During the historical and conceptual evolution of gene drives beginning in the 1960s, there has been many innovations and publications. Along with that, gene drive science developed considerable public attention, explosion of new scientists, and variation in the way the topic is discussed. It is now time to look at this new organization of science using a systematic approach to characterize the system which has enabled knowledge to grow in this scientific field. This project will break new ground in how knowledge advances in genetic engineering science, and how we understand what a “gene drive” is through analysis of language, communities, and social media. In effect, this research will advance multiple fields and enable a deeper understanding of knowledge and complex systems by a wide audience through publicly available dissemination of results through conferences, blogs, GitHub, and scholarly publications. This project will document patterns of publication, collaborative relationships, social media influence, then combine those factors to characterize the knowledge system into a signal detection algorithm to predict the future trajectory of the larger CRISPR-Cas9 science. The results of computational analysis will provide an in-depth and complete characterization of the structure, dynamics, and evolution of scientific knowledge found in the gene drive technology. In addition, the project will analyze how the public opinion influences the progress of genetic engineering technologies through social media and news platforms. Further, time series analysis of the multiple layers of discourse will enable a diachronic connective mapping of collaborative relationships and track linguistic variation and change, highlighting where ambiguous language may appear. Thus, improving and creating more cohesive scientific language. Overall, depicting the structure, dynamics, and evolution of scientific knowledge during a novel eruption of scientific complexity can shed light on the factors that can lead to: (1) improved scientific communication, (2) reduction of scientific progress, (3) new knowledge, and (4) novel collaborative relationships. Therefore, characterizing the current technological, methodological, and social contexts that can influence scientific knowledge. Research results will reach conferences, blogs, GitHub, and be shared through both traditional and digital publications. Scholarly results will be available through different websites, and as much as possible will be shared for free.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

知识是如何在基础科学、生物技术和工业的交叉点上创造出来的？基因驱动是一个有趣的例子，因为它将长期存在的兴趣与最近的技术突破和一套新的商业应用结合在一起。基因驱动是基因工程，使它们优先遗传的频率高于典型的孟德尔50%。在20世纪60年代开始的基因驱动的历史和概念演变过程中，有许多创新和出版物。与此同时，基因驱动科学引起了公众的广泛关注，新科学家的爆炸式增长，讨论这个话题的方式也发生了变化。现在是时候用一种系统的方法来研究这种新的科学组织，以描述使这一科学领域的知识得以增长的体系。这个项目将在基因工程科学的知识如何进步，以及我们如何通过分析语言、社区和社交媒体来理解什么是“基因驱动”方面开辟新天地。实际上，这项研究将推动多个领域的发展，并通过会议、博客、GitHub和学术出版物等公开传播的结果，让广大受众对知识和复杂系统有更深入的了解。该项目将记录出版模式、合作关系、社交媒体影响，然后将这些因素结合起来，将知识系统特征转化为信号检测算法，以预测更大的CRISPR-Cas9科学的未来轨迹。计算分析的结果将提供基因驱动技术中科学知识的结构、动力学和进化的深入和完整的表征。此外，该项目将分析公众舆论如何通过社交媒体和新闻平台影响基因工程技术的进展。此外，对多层话语的时间序列分析将实现协作关系的历时关联映射，并跟踪语言变化和变化，突出可能出现歧义语言的地方。从而改进和创造更具凝聚力的科学语言。总的来说，在科学复杂性的新爆发期间描绘科学知识的结构、动态和演变可以揭示可能导致：(1)科学交流的改善，(2)科学进步的减少，(3)新知识，以及(4)新的合作关系的因素。因此，描述当前能够影响科学知识的技术、方法和社会背景。研究成果将出现在会议、博客、GitHub上，并通过传统和数字出版物共享。学术成果将通过不同的网站提供，并尽可能多地免费共享。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。