Planning Grant: Engineering Research Center for Beneficial Energy System Transformations for Climate Change, Adaptation, and Societal Equity (BEST-CCASE)

规划资助：气候变化、适应和社会公平有益能源系统改造工程研究中心（BEST-CCASE）

• 批准号: 2124837
• 负责人: Christiana Honsberg
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2124837&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Planning; Grant; Engineering; Research; Center

The benefits and impacts of energy are extensively intertwined with society and people’s lives, making the transformation of energy systems an important opportunity for positive, inclusive change. A new approach is proposed to co-develop energy systems with other societal, economic and natural systems so that they achieve multiple beneficial outcomes. Applying this paradigm to photovoltaics (PV) systems, this project develops the concept of “solar surfaces,” in which it leverages the large surface area of PV to address the intertwined sustainability challenges for hot, arid, high-sunshine regions (e.g., the West and Southwest), including: (1) climate adaptation, focusing on mitigation of heat and water stress on urban and rural populations and increasing resiliency; (2) negative carbon energy systems; and (3) climate justice and social equity. BEST-CCASE’s vision – to develop multifunctional energy systems that address energy transitions, climate adaptation and negative carbon – is transformative goal that requires the deep integration of different fields in engineering, social science, ecology and biology and a broad range of stakeholders ranging from underrepresented communities, government and industry, from small-scale agriculture to some of the world’s largest businesses. The goal of this planning grant is to (1) build a clear and well-articulated portfolio of research activities that are fully integrated across the three areas; (2) establish a set of integrated metrics and milestones against which to measure the success of the research portfolio for a large-scale interdisciplinary initiative; and (3) deepen and expand stakeholder interactions and prioritize different approaches and outcome, taking into account community and stakeholder needs.BEST-CCASE will drive advances in three areas of human-centered energy engineering. The first is advances in modelling complex systems such as the energy system and its interaction with human and natural systems, enabling insights and tools for energy systems design and analysis. Proposed models expand the range of effects that can be analyzed, including new technical components (e.g., distributed generation and storage, electrification, demand response, systems resilience), impact of stochastic processes, interactions of humans with the energy system (e.g., new patterns of demand, societal impacts of energy systems), and emerging environmental impacts (e.g., wildfires). The second is new, multi-functional energy technologies enabled by innovative materials and physical/chemical processes that allow simultaneous electrical, optical and thermal control. This control allows, for example, photovoltaics that also directly provide local cooling or selectively filter light for plant growth or into buildings or new CO2 capture materials and processes. The third is new approaches to human-centered engagement and design and socio-technical systems analysis that deepen understanding and quantification of human-energy interactions (e.g., the energy-poverty nexus, value creation through multi-functional technology design and integration) and enable strategies for improving social justice through energy systems design and implementation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

能源的惠益和影响与社会和人民的生活广泛交织在一起，使能源系统的转型成为积极、包容性变革的重要机会。提出了一种新的方法，与其他社会，经济和自然系统共同开发能源系统，使它们实现多种有益的结果。 将这种模式应用于光伏（PV）系统，该项目开发了“太阳能表面”的概念，其中它利用PV的大表面积来解决炎热，干旱，高日照地区（例如，（1）气候适应，侧重于缓解城市和农村人口的热和水压力，并提高复原力;（2）负碳能源系统;（3）气候正义和社会公平。 BEST-CCASE的愿景是开发多功能能源系统，解决能源转型，气候适应和负碳问题，这是一个变革性的目标，需要工程，社会科学，生态学和生物学等不同领域的深度整合，以及广泛的利益相关者，从代表性不足的社区，政府和行业，从小规模农业到一些世界上最大的企业。这项规划补助金的目标是：（1）建立一个明确和清晰的研究活动组合，这些活动在三个领域之间完全整合;（2）建立一套综合指标和里程碑，以衡量大规模跨学科倡议的研究组合的成功;以及（3）深化和扩大利益相关者的互动并优先考虑不同的方法和结果，考虑到社区和利益相关者的需求。BEST-CCASE将推动以人为本的能源工程的三个领域的进步。首先是在能源系统及其与人类和自然系统的相互作用等复杂系统建模方面取得的进展，为能源系统设计和分析提供了见解和工具。拟议的模型扩大了可以分析的影响范围，包括新的技术组成部分（例如，分布式发电和存储、电气化、需求响应、系统弹性），随机过程的影响，人类与能源系统的相互作用（例如，新的需求模式、能源系统的社会影响），以及新出现的环境影响（例如，野火）。第二个是新的多功能能源技术，由创新材料和物理/化学工艺实现，可以同时进行电，光和热控制。例如，这种控制允许还直接提供局部冷却或选择性地过滤用于植物生长或进入建筑物或新的CO2捕获材料和工艺的光的光生物学。第三是以人为本的参与和设计以及社会技术系统分析的新方法，这些方法加深了对人类与能源相互作用的理解和量化（例如，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Thermal Impact of Rear Insulation, Light Trapping, and Parasitic Absorption in Solar Modules

太阳能模块中后部绝缘、光捕获和寄生吸收的热影响

• DOI: 10.1109/jphotov.2022.3173785
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Irvin, Nicholas P.;Escobar, D. Martinez;Wheeler, Aaron;King, Richard R.;Honsberg, Christiana B.;Kurtz, Sarah R.
• 通讯作者: Kurtz, Sarah R.