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Ignition and Flame Speed Characteristics of H2/Air/Exhaust Gas Mixtures

H2/空气/废气混合物的点火和火焰速度特性

基本信息

批准号：
2129229
负责人：
Elisa Toulson
金额：
$ 30万
依托单位：
Michigan State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2129229&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Ignition Flame Speed Characteristics H2

项目摘要

Growing concerns over global warming have led to an increased focus on carbon-free power cycles. Hydrogen is a promising alternative to conventional ground-based power gas turbine fuels, such as natural gas, due to its high calorific value and it is also carbon neutral and can be generated from renewable energy sources. Therefore, the gas turbine industry has committed to achieve a carbon neutral energy system using 100% hydrogen firing by 2030. However, hydrogen is very reactive relative to natural gas resulting in high flame speeds which can lead to an increased risk of the flame moving upstream and causing instabilities, such as flashback, within the burner. Consequently, it is important to understand the flame reactivity, flame stability, and combustion stability of hydrogen flames. The overall goal of this project is to advance the understanding of hydrogen combustion and flame characteristics in order to achieve safe, stable, carbon free, and efficient combustion. Successful completion of the project will benefit society by increasing our understanding of dilute hydrogen combustion in gas turbine combustors and other hydrogen combustion applications, such as internal combustion engines, and their potential for integration into our energy infrastructure. The project will further benefit society by introducing the next generation of engineers to engineering research concepts in the areas of energy and combustion through Michigan State University (MSU)’s K-12 outreach programs, including MSU Girl’s STEM Day and MSU engineering summer camps for under-represented groups in science and engineering.Major initiatives are underway in the United States to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions. These initiatives are primarily focused on the energy and transportation sectors, and often seek to replace conventional fuels with alternative carbon neutral or carbon free fuels. Current research is focused on advanced gas turbine combustors and engines that operate highly diluted on hydrogen/air/exhaust gas mixtures as this provides a means to reduce oxide of nitrogen and carbon monoxide emissions while maintaining fuel efficiency. This project will investigate the ignition and combustion chemical kinetics of hydrogen/air/exhaust gas mixtures in a rapid compression machine. In addition, laminar flame speeds and Markstein lengths of the mixtures will be measured in a constant volume combustion vessel. The autoignition and laminar flame speed experiments will enable an increased understanding of hydrogen/air/exhaust gas combustion that will contribute to safe, carbon free, and efficient hydrogen fuel operation for a cleaner environment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

对全球变暖的日益关注导致人们越来越关注无碳动力循环。氢气是传统的地面动力气体涡轮机燃料（例如天然气）的有前途的替代品，这是由于其高热值，并且它也是碳中性的，并且可以由可再生能源产生。因此，燃气涡轮机行业致力于到2030年实现使用100%氢气燃烧的碳中和能源系统。然而，氢气相对于天然气具有很强的反应性，导致火焰速度高，这可能导致火焰向上游移动的风险增加，并导致燃烧器内的不稳定性，例如回火。因此，理解氢火焰的火焰反应性、火焰稳定性和燃烧稳定性是重要的。该项目的总体目标是推进对氢气燃烧和火焰特性的理解，以实现安全、稳定、无碳和高效的燃烧。该项目的成功完成将使社会受益，增加我们对燃气涡轮机燃烧室和其他氢燃烧应用（如内燃机）中稀氢燃烧的理解，以及它们融入我们能源基础设施的潜力。该项目将通过密歇根州立大学（MSU）的K-12拓展计划，包括MSU Girl's STEM Day和MSU针对科学和工程领域代表性不足的群体的工程夏令营，向下一代工程师介绍能源和燃烧领域的工程研究概念，从而进一步造福社会。这些倡议主要集中在能源和运输部门，往往寻求用碳中和或无碳的替代燃料取代传统燃料。目前的研究集中在先进的燃气涡轮机燃烧室和发动机上，这些燃烧室和发动机在氢气/空气/废气混合物上高度稀释地运行，因为这提供了一种在保持燃料效率的同时减少氮氧化物和一氧化碳排放的手段。本计画将研究氢气/空气/废气混合物在快速压缩机中的点火与燃烧化学动力学。此外，层流火焰速度和Markstein长度的混合物将在一个恒定的体积燃烧容器中测量。自动点火和层流火焰速度实验将使更多的理解氢/空气/废气燃烧，这将有助于安全，无碳和高效的氢燃料操作，为更清洁的环境。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的，通过评估使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。