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Collaborative Research: Associations between climate shifts and ammonoid turnover across second-tier extinctions during the early Late Cretaceous greenhouse

合作研究：晚白垩世早期温室期间气候变化与二级灭绝中的菊石周转之间的关联

基本信息

批准号：
2129629
负责人：
Margaret Yacobucci
金额：
$ 16.5万
依托单位：
Bowling Green State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2129629&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Associations between climate

项目摘要

As climate changes, it will be important to accurately predict how environmental shifts will impact marine animals in order to assist conservation biology efforts. Cephalopods like squid and octopus are ecologically important, as both predator and prey, and economically important for the U.S. fisheries industry. This project will investigate patterns of evolution and extinction in fossil relatives of modern squid and octopus, the ammonoids. Between 90 and 100 million years ago, Earth experienced multiple episodes of cooling and warming. By investigating the traits that helped some ammonoid species survive these events, the project will identify key factors that control extinction risk in cephalopods. The project will also include training for undergraduate and graduate students at two universities, contribute to publicly available databases and computer- and internet-based research tools, and develop educational materials for children and the general public on how climate change affects marine animals and ecosystems.The Cenomanian-Turonian interval of the early Late Cretaceous witnessed three substantial climate shifts, cooling and sea level falls in the middle Cenomanian and middle Turonian and warming, widespread anoxia, and elevated sea level over the latest Cenomanian and earliest Turonian. This project will include the use of both Bayesian phylogenetic analyses and ecomorphospace analyses of the ammonoid cephalopod superfamily Acanthoceratoidea to tease apart the extent to which these environmental perturbations affected acanthoceratoid diversity dynamics as a whole and how those perturbations affected different morphotypes associated with different basic ammonoid ecological habits. The project team will test hypotheses related to phylogenetic and ecomorphological selectivity across each of these three events and assess alternative extinction and origination models across Acanthoceratoidea. The phylogenetic analyses represent the first use of Bayesian phylogenetic methods for ammonoids and also contribute to advancements for simultaneously assessing macroevolutionary models and phylogenetic relationships via Bayesian methods. Thus, the final results will both be informative about how particular climate shifts affected ammonoid extinction rates and provide a model for similar assessments of other taxonomic groups during other critical intervals of Earth system evolution. Ultimately, the proposed research will identify key factors that drive diversity dynamics and extinction risk for mid-level predators, an important but often overlooked marine ecologic guild.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着气候的变化，准确预测环境变化将如何影响海洋动物，以协助保护生物学工作将变得非常重要。像乌贼和章鱼这样的头足类动物既是捕食者也是猎物，在生态上很重要，对美国的渔业也有重要的经济意义。这个项目将研究现代鱿鱼和章鱼的近亲——菊石的进化和灭绝模式。在9000万到1亿年前，地球经历了多次变冷和变暖。通过研究帮助一些类氨动物在这些事件中幸存下来的特征，该项目将确定控制头足类动物灭绝风险的关键因素。该项目还将包括对两所大学的本科生和研究生进行培训，为公众提供数据库和基于计算机和互联网的研究工具，并为儿童和公众开发有关气候变化如何影响海洋动物和生态系统的教育材料。晚白垩世早期的Cenomanian-Turonian期经历了3次显著的气候变化：Cenomanian中期和Turonian中期的降温和海平面下降，以及Cenomanian晚期和Turonian早期的变暖，广泛的缺氧和海平面升高。该项目将包括使用贝叶斯系统发育分析和生态形态空间分析的氨类头足类超科棘足类，以梳理这些环境扰动对棘足类多样性动态的整体影响程度，以及这些扰动如何影响与不同基本氨类生态习惯相关的不同形态。项目团队将在这三个事件中测试与系统发育和生态形态学选择性相关的假设，并评估棘角亚纲的其他灭绝和起源模型。系统发育分析代表了贝叶斯系统发育方法在菊石上的首次应用，也有助于通过贝叶斯方法同时评估宏观进化模型和系统发育关系。因此，最终的结果将提供关于特定气候变化如何影响氨类灭绝率的信息，并为在地球系统演化的其他关键时期对其他分类类群进行类似评估提供模型。最终，研究将确定驱动中级捕食者多样性动态和灭绝风险的关键因素，这是一个重要但经常被忽视的海洋生态协会。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。