Atmospheric Lifecycle of Highly Oxygenated Multifunctional Compounds

该奖项全部或部分由《2021年美国救援计划法案》（公法117-2）资助。该项目的重点是研究大气中高氧多功能化合物（HOMs）的多相动力学和化学性质，并将为目前对HOMs的大气生命周期、特征、丰度和反应化学的理解提供关键的缺失部分。这项研究的结果将有助于预测HOMs的反应化学如何改变大气成分，并将为精确模拟细颗粒及其与大气中云的相互作用提供关键信息。它还将产生一个数据集，有助于了解HOMs的毒性及其对人类健康的影响。本项目的主要目标是：(1)表征生物源和人为源有机气溶胶中HOMs的分子特征和丰度；(2)研究HOMs的组成和分布如何响应不同的氮氧化物（NOx）水平；(3)量化气-颗粒转化过程中HOMs的寿命，阐明HOMs在颗粒阶段的老化和去除途径。研究结果将用于解决以下科学问题：(a)粒子相中HOMs的分子形式是什么？与气相中确定的HOMs有何联系？(b)质谱仪在气粒转化后能存活多久？(c) HOMs在颗粒阶段的老化途径是什么？（四）物业管理署的老化程度，会在多大程度上影响所生产的SOA的产量和组成？(e)微粒HOMs对减少人为NOx排放会有何反应？该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). This project is focused on investigations of the multiphase dynamics and chemistry of highly oxygenated multifunctional compounds (HOMs) in the atmosphere and will provide a key missing piece in the current understanding of the atmospheric lifecycle of HOMs, their identities, abundance, and reactive chemistry. The results of this research will aid in predictions of how the reactive chemistry of HOMs modifies the atmospheric composition and will provide crucial information needed for the accurate simulation of fine particles and their interactions with clouds in the atmosphere. It will also produce a dataset useful for understanding the toxicity of HOMs and their impact on human health.The main objectives of this project are to: (1) Characterize the molecular signature and abundance of HOMs in organic aerosols from both biogenic and anthropogenic sources; (2) Examine how the composition and distribution of HOMs respond to varying nitrogen oxides (NOx) levels; and (3) Quantify the lifetimes of HOMs upon gas-particle conversion and elucidate the aging and removal pathways that HOMs undergo in the particle phase. The results will be applied to address the following scientific questions: (a) What are the molecular forms by which HOMs are present in the particle phase and the linkage with the HOMs identified in the gas phase? (b) How long could HOMs survive upon gas-particle conversion? (c) What are the aging pathways HOMs undergo in the particle phase? (d) To what extent does the HOMs aging affect the yield and makeup of the SOA produced? and (e) How will the particulate HOMs respond to reducing anthropogenic NOx emissions?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.