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SaTC: CORE: Small: A Robust Framework with Rigorous Semantics and Security Guarantees for Election-Day Voter Check-in

SaTC：核心：小型：具有严格语义和安全保证的强大框架，用于选举日选民签到

基本信息

批准号：
2131538
负责人：
Alexander Schwarzmann
金额：
$ 50万
依托单位：
AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-10-01 至 2024-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2131538&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
SaTC CORE Small Robust Framework

项目摘要

The broad concerns surrounding the integrity and security of electronic election systems used in the 2016 and 2020 Presidential Elections underscored the need for a rigorous scientific approach to designing and implementing such systems. While substantial research has been dedicated to electronic processing of ballots, vote aggregation, and audits, the very first step that enables voters to cast their votes on Election Day and that ensures the “one voter, one vote” imperative has not been the target of sufficient research. Moreover, in 2018 the Committee on the Future of Voting of the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine expressed serious concerns and risks associated with the use of electronic pollbooks. This project focuses on the problem of voter check-in in elections, an area that received surprisingly little attention from the community of researchers working on electronic election systems. The project’s novelties are the development of a rigorous scientific foundation for electronic check-in systems and the construction on that basis of a human-centric reference implementation that reflects the legal requirements for such systems. The project's broader significance and importance are potentially substantial savings to the taxpayer by developing and making available the technology ready to be used in constructing secure and trustworthy electronic poll book systems. This project proceeds along three dimensions: (a) socio-political, (b) software foundations, and (c) system implementation and evaluation. The project advances the state of the art in addressing the electronic check-in challenges, and the project includes the development of a reference implementation, serving as a proof of concept and used for evaluation purposes. The resulting system will be a secure and trustworthy electronic pollbook solution whose main purpose is to ensure "one voter, one vote" on Election Day. An electronic pollbook system is an inherently a dynamic distributed system where multiple check-in devices and/or servers must operate in concert in providing “one voter, one vote” guarantee, with security, integrity and auditability, and despite possible failures and the resulting need to dynamically reconfigure this distributed system on the fly. Such a system represents a convergence of several difficult problems in distributed computing as this includes: the need to reach consensus, the need to replicate for availability and fault-tolerance, the challenge of guaranteeing data consistency and longevity, the requirement for secure operation, the need to guarantee correctness in all executions, the ability to dynamically evolve the systems either because of failure or for reasons of performance. Equally importantly, electronic pollbooks is not a theoretical endeavor, but an important component of our democratic process in the digital age. This project develops and will make available the technology for constructing electronic poll book systems that are human-centric and that are based on rigorous research. The project involves graduate students, who are mentored by the investigators, and who are involved in research on the critically important problems of security and integrity in electronic election systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人们对 2016 年和 2020 年总统选举中使用的电子选举系统的完整性和安全性的广泛担忧凸显了需要采用严格的科学方法来设计和实施此类系统。虽然大量研究致力于选票的电子处理、选票汇总和审计，但使选民能够在选举日投票并确保“一个选民一票”势在必行的第一步尚未成为充分研究的目标。此外，2018 年，美国国家科学、工程和医学院投票未来委员会表达了与使用电子民意调查簿相关的严重担忧和风险。该项目重点关注选举中选民签到的问题，令人惊讶的是，电子选举系统研究人员很少关注这一领域。该项目的新颖之处在于为电子签到系统开发了严格的科学基础，并在此基础上构建了反映此类系统法律要求的以人为本的参考实施。该项目更广泛的意义和重要性是通过开发和提供可用于构建安全且值得信赖的电子民意调查簿系统的技术，可能为纳税人节省大量费用。该项目沿着三个维度进行：（a）社会政治，（b）软件基础，以及（c）系统实施和评估。该项目推进了解决电子签到挑战的最新技术，并且该项目包括开发参考实施，作为概念证明并用于评估目的。由此产生的系统将是一个安全且值得信赖的电子民意调查解决方案，其主要目的是确保选举日“一名选民一票”。电子民意调查系统本质上是一个动态分布式系统，其中多个签到设备和/或服务器必须协同运行，以提供“一个选民一票”保证，并具有安全性、完整性和可审计性，尽管可能出现故障并因此需要动态地重新配置该分布式系统。这样的系统代表了分布式计算中几个难题的融合，包括：达成共识的需要、可用性和容错性的复制需要、保证数据一致性和寿命的挑战、安全操作的要求、保证所有执行的正确性的需要、由于故障或性能原因而动态发展系统的能力。同样重要的是，电子民意调查不是一项理论上的努力，而是数字时代民主进程的重要组成部分。该项目开发并将提供用于构建以人为中心且基于严格研究的电子民意调查系统的技术。该项目涉及研究生，他们由调查人员指导，参与电子选举系统中至关重要的安全性和完整性问题的研究。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（12）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Brief Announcement: Deterministic Consensus and Checkpointing with Crashes: Time and Communication Efficiency

简短公告：确定性共识和崩溃检查点：时间和通信效率

DOI：
10.1145/3519270.3538471
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
PODC'22: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing
影响因子：
0
作者：
Chlebus, Bogdan S.;Kowalski, Dariusz R.;Olkowski, Jan
通讯作者：
Olkowski, Jan

Light Agents Searching for Hot Information

DOI：
10.24963/ijcai.2022/52
发表时间：
2022-07
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
D. Kowalski;Dominik Pajak
通讯作者：
D. Kowalski;Dominik Pajak

The Hermes BFT for Blockchains

区块链 Hermes BFT

DOI：
10.1109/tdsc.2021.3114310
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Jalalzai, Mohammad Mussadiq;Feng, Chen;Busch, Costas;Richard III, Golden;Niu, Jianyu
通讯作者：
Niu, Jianyu

Adversarial Contention Resolution Games

对抗性竞争解决游戏