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An integrative analysis of the primate skeleton

灵长类骨骼的综合分析

基本信息

批准号：
1830745
负责人：
Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel
金额：
$ 31.5万
依托单位：
SUNY at Buffalo
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1830745&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
integrative analysis primate skeleton

项目摘要

Our understanding of human origins is primarily based on the analysis of fossilized skeletons, rather than genetic information. However, unlike the underlying genetic code, the skeleton changes substantially throughout life, and different parts of the skeleton are integrated with one another through varying genetic, developmental, and functional processes. This project will use state-of-the-art 3D scanning and statistical methods to assess the nature and extent of skeletal integration across primates in order to test how morphological diversity across primates came about. The results will provide information about the degree to which the human skeleton is unique or similar to other living primates. As such, this project advances our understanding of the human body and provides a roadmap for future researchers interested in reconstructing genetic relationships from fossils. The research advances the careers of several female scientists, including one researcher from a group underrepresented in STEM research, provides technical training for graduate and undergraduate students, and will result in an extensive database of virtual primate models that will be shared with the scientific community. In addition, active outreach programs through Buffalo's school system will promote K-12 science through engagement with virtual technology.Researchers often compartmentalize the primate skeleton, with cranial and postcranial elements often studied in isolation. This has led to the empirical dissociation of adaptive integrated systems, and a lack of understanding of how components of the skeleton co-vary. This project will collate a large 3D database of skeletal elements for 13 anthropoid taxa and construct covariance matrices reflecting functional, developmental, and anatomical modularity. Quantitative genetic analyses will be used to test the nature and extent of integration patterns across primates and assess which modules have been shaped by neutral versus non-neutral forces. The results will create a direct link between the pattern and magnitude of integration and the past forces that shaped primate skeletal diversity more broadly, thus providing future researchers with a better understanding of which traits best reflect neutral divergence, and which have been subject to adaptive forces.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

我们对人类起源的理解主要基于对化石骨骼的分析，而不是遗传信息。然而，与潜在的遗传密码不同，骨骼在整个生命过程中会发生重大变化，骨骼的不同部分通过不同的遗传，发育和功能过程相互整合。该项目将使用最先进的3D扫描和统计方法来评估灵长类动物骨骼整合的性质和程度，以测试灵长类动物的形态多样性是如何产生的。研究结果将提供有关人类骨骼与其他现存灵长类动物独特或相似程度的信息。因此，该项目推进了我们对人体的理解，并为未来有兴趣从化石中重建遗传关系的研究人员提供了路线图。该研究促进了几位女性科学家的职业生涯，其中包括一位来自STEM研究中代表性不足的研究人员，为研究生和本科生提供技术培训，并将产生一个广泛的虚拟灵长类动物模型数据库，该数据库将与科学界共享。此外，通过布法罗的学校系统开展的积极的外展计划将通过与虚拟技术的接触促进K-12科学。研究人员经常将灵长类动物的骨骼划分开来，颅骨和颅后部分经常被孤立地研究。这导致了适应性集成系统的经验分离，并且缺乏对骨骼组成部分如何协变的了解。该项目将整理一个大型的3D数据库的骨骼元素的13个类和构建协方差矩阵反映功能，发育和解剖模块。定量遗传分析将用于测试灵长类动物整合模式的性质和程度，并评估哪些模块是由中性与非中性力量塑造的。这些结果将在整合的模式和程度与更广泛地塑造灵长类动物骨骼多样性的过去力量之间建立直接联系，从而为未来的研究人员提供更好的理解哪些特征最能反映中性分歧。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值进行评估，被认为值得支持和更广泛的影响审查标准。