CAREER: Domain-aware Statistical Learning

该教师早期职业发展计划（CAREER）拨款将通过改变管理物理和工程领域知识如何整合到高风险应用程序的数据驱动模型中来促进国家竞争力的提升。 在能源基础设施、航空安全和制造等领域知识密集型工程环境中的应用需要可解释的模型、可解释的决策和可操作的见解。 在这些环境中，“让数据自己说话”的旧模式正在被“让数据根据物理和工程定律说话”的能力所取代。 该项目将解决三个主要用例中数据与基于物理模型集成的方法的开发，即环境过程，以增强我们国家公用事业在气候变化加剧的极端事件期间的弹性;热建模，以提高数据中心运营的能源效率;以及结构动力学，以提高日益拥挤的空域中的航空安全。 随附的教育计划旨在解决学校和大学层面的通用数据科学教育与具有不同背景的下一代工程学生的特定需求之间的差距。该教育计划还旨在通过提高公众对日益增加的数据可用性的认识以及通过当地社群活动解释这些数据的能力来提高公众的数据素养。本研究建立了一种新的结构-利用-保持（SEP）领域感知统计学习范式，该范式能够在模型构建期间将管理物理直接嵌入到数据驱动的模型中。与将管理物理学作为辅助正则化或约束来施加的现有方法不同，SEP框架将使得能够将数据驱动模型嵌入到管理物理学的解空间中（即，控制物理将不再用作辅助正则化，而是在模型构建期间直接集成到数据驱动模型中的固有组件）。这是通过暴露支配物理学的解决方案结构来实现的（即，结构开发），以及将数据驱动模型嵌入到控制方程的解空间中（即，结构保持）。在SEP框架下，通过与行业合作伙伴的合作，该研究将启动一个轨道，导致一套新的方法，用于领域感知统计建模，数据驱动的发现管理物理，和动态采样，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的评估被认为值得支持。影响审查标准。

This Faculty Early Career Development Program (CAREER) grant will contribute to the advancement of national competitiveness by transforming how governing physics and engineering domain knowledge is integrated into data-driven models for high-stakes applications. Applications in domain-knowledge intensive engineering environments such as energy infrastructure, aviation safety, and manufacturing require interpretable models, explainable decisions and actionable insights. In these environments, the old paradiam of “letting the data speak for themselves” is being replaced by the capability of “letting the data speak based on the laws of physics and engineering”. This project will address the development of methods to integrate data with physics-based models in three main use cases, namely environmental processes to enhance resilience of our national utilities during extreme events intensified by climate change; thermal modeling to improve energy efficiency in Data Center operations; and structural dynamics to enhance aviation safety in an increasingly crowded airspace. The accompanying educational plan aims to address the gaps between general-purpose data science education at the school and university level and the specific needs for next-generation engineering students with diverse backgrounds. The educational plan also aims to improve data literacy among the general public by improving awareness of the increasing availability of data and the capability of interpreting those data through local community activities.This research establishes a new Structure-Exploiting-Preserving (SEP) domain-aware statistical learning paradigm that enables the direct embedding of governing physics into data-driven models during model construction. Unlike existing approaches that impose governing physics as auxiliary regularizations or constraints, the SEP framework will enable the embedding of data-driven models into the solution space of governing physics (i.e., governing physics will no longer be used as auxiliary regularizations, but an inherent component that is directly integrated into data-driven models during model construction). This is achieved by exposing the solution structure of governing physics (i.e., structure exploiting), and embedding data-driven models into the solution space of governing equations (i.e., structure preserving). Under the SEP framework and through the collaboration with industry partners, the research will initiate a trajectory that leads to a set of new methodologies for domain-aware statistical modeling, data-driven discovery of governing physics, and dynamic sampling for non-stationary engineering processes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.