CAREER: Bridging the Global Gap on Understanding Downburst Impacts on Buildings: Field Data-Modeling Research and Education for More Resilient Communities

该奖项全部或部分由《2021年美国救援计划法案》（公法117-2）资助。该学院早期职业发展（Career）奖将促进对雷暴下暴风特征的理解，以及由此产生的下暴对建筑物的影响。下突风事件是雷暴相关的高风力强度的主要原因之一，每年在美国和世界范围内造成重大的民用基础设施破坏和死亡。考虑到下爆对建筑物的影响的性质与直线风和飓风不同，而且更复杂，这是一个重大的知识缺口。现场测量需要为大规模的物理模拟和数值建模提供信息，以评估建筑物遭受下爆的脆弱性，并帮助缩小这一知识差距。此外，目前还没有关于减轻下爆事件对建筑物影响的设计建议。该奖项将通过与意大利热那亚大学（UniGe）和伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳香槟分校的综合研究和教育合作，利用现有的国内和国际降压现场测量，确定目标参数范围，利用美国国家科学基金会（NSF）支持的自然灾害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）风力墙（WOW），为基于物理的建筑物降压作用模拟提供信息。佛罗里达国际大学的设施。该项目涵盖多学科、气象、风和结构工程，以及多机构研究和教育合作，将为学生提供独特的研究机会，让他们在国际机构从事最先进的STEM研究。研究成果将促进应对气候变化的合作和根本性的变革概念，以减轻冲击对民用基础设施造成的危害。该奖项将有助于NSF在国家减少风暴影响计划（NWIRP）中的作用。该项目将实现三个综合研究和教育目标：(1)弥合气象学和风工程范式之间的差距，为NHERI WOW设施的实验模拟方法提供信息，以产生真实的下爆流，并评估所产生的流场的不确定性；(2)通过NHERI WOW设施的大规模测试，分析和理解下爆对建筑物的气动载荷和可能的气动弹性效应；(3)将下突流特性和气动气动弹性载荷研究整合到相互关联的教育活动中，为下一代风暴灾害领域的研究人员和教师做好准备。通过与UniGe合作在线国际学习（COIL）模块进行的虚拟交流将为STEM领域未被充分代表的少数民族提供国际教育经验。与UniGe的实习交换项目将为美国研究生提供有指导的国际研究经验。这些经历将使学生接触到合作研究的环境，并将促进多样化和具有全球竞争力的STEM专业人员的发展。研究结果将提供独特的数据集，这些数据集将在NHERI数据仓库（https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org）中提供，供未来的研究计划使用。最终，研究成果可以提高风暴设计标准，提高未来建筑的弹性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award will advance understanding of thunderstorm downburst wind characteristics and the consequent downburst-induced loading on buildings. Downburst wind events are one of the main causes for high wind intensity associated with thunderstorms, which account for significant civil infrastructure damage and fatalities on a yearly basis in the United States and worldwide. There is a major gap in knowledge, considering that the nature of downburst impact on buildings is different and more complex than for straight-line wind and hurricanes. Field measurements are needed to inform large-scale physical simulations and numerical modeling to assess the vulnerability of buildings subjected to downbursts and help close this knowledge gap. In addition, design recommendations to mitigate the impact of downburst events on buildings are currently not available. This award will leverage available national and international downburst field measurements through integrated research and educational collaborations with the University of Genoa (UniGe) in Italy and the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign to determine a target range of parameters to inform physical-based simulations of downburst actions on buildings using the National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Wall of Wind (WOW) facility at Florida International University. The multi-disciplinary, meteorology, wind and structural engineering, and multi-institution research and educational collaboration comprising this project will offer unique research opportunities for students to engage in state-of-the art STEM studies at an international institution. The research outcomes will enable climate-responsive collaboration and fundamentally transformative concepts to mitigate the impact of downburst-driven hazards on civil infrastructure. This award will contribute to the NSF role in the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP). This project will address three integrated research and education aims: (1) bridge the gap between meteorology and wind engineering paradigms to inform experimental simulation methods at the NHERI WOW facility to produce realistic downburst flow and to assess the uncertainty in the resulting flow field, (2) analyze and understand the downburst aerodynamic loading on buildings and possible aeroelastic effects using large-scale testing at the NHERI WOW facility, and (3) integrate downburst flow characteristics and aerodynamic and aeroelastic loading research into interconnected educational activities to prepare the next generation of researchers and teachers in the field of windstorm hazards. The virtual exchange through the Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) module with the UniGe will provide an international educational experience for underrepresented minorities in the STEM field. The internship exchange program with the UniGe will provide mentored international research experiences for U.S. graduate students. These experiences will expose students to a collaborative research environment and will promote the development of diverse and globally competent STEM professionals. The research outcomes will offer unique datasets that will be made available in the NHERI Data Depot (https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org) for use in future research programs. Ultimately, the research findings can improve windstorm design standards to enhance the resiliency of future construction.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.