CAREER: Bridging the Global Gap on Understanding Downburst Impacts on Buildings: Field Data-Modeling Research and Education for More Resilient Communities

该奖项全部或部分根据2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。该教师早期职业发展（CAREER）奖将促进对雷暴下击暴流风特性的理解以及随之而来的建筑物上的下击暴流引起的负荷。下击暴流风事件是与雷暴相关的高风力强度的主要原因之一，其每年在美国和世界范围内造成重大民用基础设施损坏和死亡。考虑到下击暴流对建筑物的影响的性质与直线风和飓风不同，而且更为复杂，因此在知识上存在重大差距。需要实地测量为大规模物理模拟和数值模拟提供信息，以评估遭受下击暴流的建筑物的脆弱性，并帮助缩小这一知识差距。此外，目前还没有减轻下击暴流事件对建筑物影响的设计建议。该奖项将通过与意大利热那亚大学（UniGe）和伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳香槟分校（尚潘）的综合研究和教育合作，利用现有的国家和国际下击暴流现场测量结果，确定目标参数范围，以便使用美国国家科学基金会（NSF）支持的自然灾害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）对建筑物的下击暴流行为进行基于物理的模拟。佛罗里达国际大学的风墙（WOW）设施。多学科，气象学，风力和结构工程，以及多机构的研究和教育合作，包括该项目将提供独特的研究机会，让学生在一个国际机构从事最先进的STEM研究。研究成果将促进气候响应型合作和根本性变革概念，以减轻下击暴流驱动的灾害对民用基础设施的影响。该奖项将有助于NSF在国家减少风暴影响计划（NWIRP）中的作用。该项目将实现三个综合研究和教育目标：（1）弥合气象学和风工程范例之间的差距，为NHERI WOW设施的实验模拟方法提供信息，以产生真实的下击暴流，并评估所得流场的不确定性，（2）分析和了解下击暴流对建筑物的气动载荷和可能的气动弹性效应，在NHERI WOW设施进行规模试验，以及（3）将下击暴流特性和空气动力学及气动弹性载荷研究整合到相互关联的教育活动中，以培养下一代风暴灾害领域的研究人员和教师。通过与UniGe合作的在线国际学习（COIL）模块进行的虚拟交流将为STEM领域代表性不足的少数民族提供国际教育体验。与UniGe的实习交流计划将为美国研究生提供国际研究经验。这些经验将使学生接触到一个合作研究的环境，并将促进多样化和全球性的有能力的STEM专业人员的发展。研究成果将提供独特的数据集，这些数据集将在NHERI数据库（https：//www.example.com）中提供，供未来的研究计划使用。www.DesignSafe-ci.org最终，研究成果可以提高风暴设计标准，以提高未来建筑的弹性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award will advance understanding of thunderstorm downburst wind characteristics and the consequent downburst-induced loading on buildings. Downburst wind events are one of the main causes for high wind intensity associated with thunderstorms, which account for significant civil infrastructure damage and fatalities on a yearly basis in the United States and worldwide. There is a major gap in knowledge, considering that the nature of downburst impact on buildings is different and more complex than for straight-line wind and hurricanes. Field measurements are needed to inform large-scale physical simulations and numerical modeling to assess the vulnerability of buildings subjected to downbursts and help close this knowledge gap. In addition, design recommendations to mitigate the impact of downburst events on buildings are currently not available. This award will leverage available national and international downburst field measurements through integrated research and educational collaborations with the University of Genoa (UniGe) in Italy and the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign to determine a target range of parameters to inform physical-based simulations of downburst actions on buildings using the National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Wall of Wind (WOW) facility at Florida International University. The multi-disciplinary, meteorology, wind and structural engineering, and multi-institution research and educational collaboration comprising this project will offer unique research opportunities for students to engage in state-of-the art STEM studies at an international institution. The research outcomes will enable climate-responsive collaboration and fundamentally transformative concepts to mitigate the impact of downburst-driven hazards on civil infrastructure. This award will contribute to the NSF role in the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP). This project will address three integrated research and education aims: (1) bridge the gap between meteorology and wind engineering paradigms to inform experimental simulation methods at the NHERI WOW facility to produce realistic downburst flow and to assess the uncertainty in the resulting flow field, (2) analyze and understand the downburst aerodynamic loading on buildings and possible aeroelastic effects using large-scale testing at the NHERI WOW facility, and (3) integrate downburst flow characteristics and aerodynamic and aeroelastic loading research into interconnected educational activities to prepare the next generation of researchers and teachers in the field of windstorm hazards. The virtual exchange through the Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) module with the UniGe will provide an international educational experience for underrepresented minorities in the STEM field. The internship exchange program with the UniGe will provide mentored international research experiences for U.S. graduate students. These experiences will expose students to a collaborative research environment and will promote the development of diverse and globally competent STEM professionals. The research outcomes will offer unique datasets that will be made available in the NHERI Data Depot (https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org) for use in future research programs. Ultimately, the research findings can improve windstorm design standards to enhance the resiliency of future construction.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.