RII Track-1: Harnessing the Data Revolution for Fire Science

RII Track-1：利用数据革命促进火灾科学

• 批准号: 2148788
• 负责人: Frederick Harris
• 金额: $ 2000万
• 依托单位: Nevada System of Higher Education
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2148788&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Harnessing; Data; Revolution

The frequency and severity of wildfires in the western U.S. has increased over the last forty years, caused by changes in climate, fuel buildup, and invasive species. As a result, wildfires are now the most prevalent type of natural disaster in the southwestern U.S. and are detrimental to human health and ecosystem services (including water availability, visibility, and recreation). The Harnessing the Data Revolution for Fire Science (HDRFS) project aims to understand the “wildland fire continuum,” the process in which an ecosystem’s pre-fire state (plant community composition, ecology, hydrological state, etc.) determines the level of fuel buildup and thereby helps determine the conditions of the eventual wildfire. Post-fire recovery in turn sets the initial condition for establishing the pre-fire state for the next fire in the cycle. The HDRFS research and capacity-building program is organized around interconnected elements of the wildland fire continuum and aligned efforts in research computing and data. Along with its research and capacity-building agenda, the HDRFS project includes an ambitious education and workforce development focus aimed at expanding opportunities for Nevadans at the K-12 and community college levels. HDRFS is administered by the Nevada System for Higher Education in collaboration with the University of Nevada, Reno; the University of Nevada, Las Vegas; and the Desert Research Institute. Additional institutions involved include Nevada State College and four community colleges (College of Southern Nevada, Truckee Meadows Community College, Western Nevada College, and Great Basin College). Harnessing the Data Revolution for Fire Science (HDRFS) will explore the fire continuum of diverse processes interacting across scales in the sagebrush ecosystem. Goals include: 1) improving understanding of fire processes and effects over spatial scales; 2) determining fire’s interactions with carbon cycling, water balance, fuel buildup, and invasive species; 3) increasing our mechanistic understanding of fire-induced soil hydrophobicity and its influence on hydrology; 4) improving models of fire processes and eco-hydrological fire effects; 5) improving characterization and modeling of fire emissions and their aging; 6) adapting aerial robots for greatly improved data collection under hazardous or challenging conditions (e.g., characterizing smoke plumes, fire processes, and ecohydrology); and 7) developing computer vision/machine learning data fusion to process and assimilate multisensory data into fire and ecosystem models. HDRFS research will contribute to understanding the spatial scaling of fire processes and effects over ~eight orders of magnitude in area, with the goal of using laboratory and other small-scale results for predicting and modeling large scale wildland fire processes and effects. In parallel with its research and capacity-building program, HDRFS will also engage students, educators, and practitioners via a series of outreach and workforce development activities aimed at achieving a more diverse, STEM-capable population and workforce in Nevada.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的四十年里，美国西部野火的频率和严重程度都在增加，这是由气候变化、燃料积累和入侵物种造成的。 因此，野火现在是美国西南部最普遍的自然灾害类型，对人类健康和生态系统服务（包括水的可用性，能见度和娱乐）有害。 利用火灾科学数据革命（HDRFS）项目旨在了解“荒地火灾连续体”，即生态系统火灾前状态（植物群落组成，生态，水文状态等）确定燃料积聚的水平，从而帮助确定最终野火的条件。 点火后恢复又设置初始条件，用于为循环中的下一次点火建立点火前状态。 人类发展报告和森林战略研究和能力建设方案是围绕荒地火灾连续体的相互联系的要素以及研究、计算和数据方面的协调努力组织的。人类发展报告和财政战略项目沿着其研究和能力建设议程，包括一个雄心勃勃的教育和劳动力发展重点，旨在扩大内华达人在K-12和社区大学一级的机会。 《人类发展报告和资源框架》由内华达州高等教育系统与里诺的内华达州大学、拉斯维加斯的内华达州大学和沙漠研究所合作管理。其他参与的机构包括内华达州州立学院和四所社区学院（南内华达州学院、特拉基梅多斯社区学院、西内华达州学院和大盆地学院）。 利用火灾科学的数据革命（HDRFS）将探索在山艾树生态系统中跨尺度相互作用的不同过程的火灾连续体。目标包括：1）提高对空间尺度上火灾过程和影响的认识; 2）确定火灾与碳循环、水平衡、燃料积累和入侵物种的相互作用; 3）提高对火灾引起的土壤疏水性及其对水文学影响的机理认识; 4）改进火灾过程和生态水文学火灾影响的模型; 5）改进火灾排放及其老化的表征和建模; 6）使空中机器人适应于在危险或挑战性条件下大大改进的数据收集（例如，表征烟羽流、火灾过程和生态水文学）;以及7）开发计算机视觉/机器学习数据融合，以处理多传感器数据并将其融入火灾和生态系统模型。HDRFS研究将有助于理解火灾过程的空间尺度和面积超过8个数量级的影响，目标是利用实验室和其他小规模的结果来预测和模拟大规模的荒地火灾过程和影响。 在开展研究和能力建设项目的同时，HDRFS还将通过一系列外联和劳动力发展活动吸引学生、教育工作者和从业人员，旨在内华达州实现更多样化、具备STEM能力的人口和劳动力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

Drifting Streaming Peaks-over-Threshold-Enhanced Self-Evolving Neural Networks for Short-Term Wind Farm Generation Forecast

用于短期风电场发电预测的漂移流峰值超阈值增强型自进化神经网络

• DOI: 10.3390/fi15010017
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Future Internet
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Liu, Yunchuan;Ghasemkhani, Amir;Yang, Lei
• 通讯作者: Yang, Lei

Swin-SFTNet : Spatial Feature Expansion and Aggregation Using Swin Transformer for Whole Breast Micro-Mass Segmentation

• DOI: 10.1109/isbi53787.2023.10230342
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: 2023 IEEE 20th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)
• 作者: Sharif Amit Kamran;Khondker Fariha Hossain;A. Tavakkoli;G. Bebis;Salah A. Baker

Assessment of the Effects of the 2021 Caldor Megafire on Soil Physical Properties, Eastern Sierra Nevada, USA

评估 2021 年卡尔多特大火灾对美国内华达山脉东部土壤物理性质的影响

• DOI: 10.3390/fire6020066
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Fire
• 作者: Sion, Brad;Samburova, Vera;Berli, Markus;Baish, Christopher;Bustarde, Janelle;Houseman, Sally
• 通讯作者: Houseman, Sally

An Overview of Virtual Reality

虚拟现实概述

• DOI: 10.29007/5k67
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: EPiC Series in Computing
• 作者: Lewis, Christopher;Harris, Frederick
• 通讯作者: Harris, Frederick

MuVR: A Multiuser Virtual Reality Framework for Unity

MuVR：Unity 的多用户虚拟现实框架

• DOI: 10.29007/jdlg
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: EPiC Series in Computing
• 作者: Dahl, Joshua;Marsh, Erik;Lewis, Christopher;Harris, Frederick
• 通讯作者: Harris, Frederick