Collaborative Research: Harnessing Mechanics for the Design of All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries

合作研究：利用力学设计全固态锂电池

• 批准号: 2152562
• 负责人: Roseanne Warren
• 金额: $ 32.2万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2152562&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Harnessing; Mechanics; Design

This grant will support fundamental research on the mechanics of lithium anodes in all-solid-state lithium batteries. All-solid-state lithium batteries are a promising candidate for next-generation, high-capacity rechargeable batteries. Lithium anodes can provide the highest energy density among all known anode materials. Solid-state electrolytes improve battery safety by eliminating flammable liquid electrolytes. However, new problems emerge. During charging, non-uniform lithium plating occurs at the anode, which can cause fracture of the current collector. During discharging, non-uniform lithium stripping leads to void formation, dead lithium, and capacity drop. Cracking and dendrite growth also occur in solid electrolytes, causing short-circuits. This research will investigate how mechanics can be used to achieve uniform and stable plating and stripping in lithium anodes. This research will advance next-generation battery technology for electric vehicles, contributing to the national economy and sustainability. This project will integrate the research capabilities of two Utah universities, and train next-generation engineers and scientists for research in renewable energy. Moreover, this grant will enhance the diversity of STEM fields by recruiting and training under-represented minorities. This research hypothesizes that mechanics can be harnessed as a control parameter to program electrochemical processes in all-solid-state lithium batteries and achieve “plasticity-assisted” uniform plating and stripping of lithium. Four research tasks are researched to test this hypothesis: (1) lithium plating and stripping are investigated using correlated mechanical-(electro)chemical-morphological characterization and residual stress measurements; (2) density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations of lithium-solid electrolyte interfaces are used to quantify the stress and geometric effects on lithium plating/stripping at the atomic scale; (3) informed by the atomic simulations in Task 2, a continuum model is built to account for the interplay of stresses, interfacial geometries and chemical reactions; (4) integrated experiments and computations are leveraged in a mechanics-driven design approach for anode interfaces in all-solid-state lithium batteries to engineer plasticity-assisted uniform lithium plating/stripping.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这笔拨款将用于支持全固态锂电池中锂阳极力学的基础研究。全固态锂电池有望成为下一代高容量可充电电池。在所有已知的阳极材料中，锂阳极可以提供最高的能量密度。固态电解质消除了易燃的液体电解质，提高了电池的安全性。然而，新的问题也出现了。在充电过程中，阳极出现不均匀的镀锂现象，会导致集流器断裂。在放电过程中，不均匀的锂剥离导致空隙形成、死锂和容量下降。开裂和枝晶生长也发生在固体电解质中，引起短路。这项研究将探讨如何利用力学来实现锂阳极均匀稳定的电镀和剥离。此次研究将推进下一代电动汽车电池技术，为国民经济和可持续发展做出贡献。该项目将整合犹他州两所大学的研究能力，并为可再生能源研究培养下一代工程师和科学家。此外，这笔拨款将通过招募和培训代表性不足的少数族裔，增强STEM领域的多样性。本研究假设力学可以作为控制参数来编程全固态锂电池的电化学过程，并实现“塑性辅助”锂的均匀电镀和剥离。为了验证这一假设，本文研究了四个研究任务：(1)利用相关的机械（电）化学形态表征和残余应力测量研究了锂的电镀和剥离；(2)利用密度泛函理论和锂-固体电解质界面的分子动力学模拟，在原子尺度上量化了锂电镀/剥离过程中的应力和几何效应；(3)通过任务2中的原子模拟，建立了一个连续体模型来解释应力、界面几何形状和化学反应的相互作用；(4)在全固态锂电池阳极界面的力学驱动设计方法中，利用综合实验和计算来设计塑性辅助的均匀锂电镀/剥离。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Ultra-low cost supercapacitors from coal char: effect of electrolyte on double layer capacitance

• DOI: 10.1039/d3ya00064h
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Energy Advances
• 作者: Zahra Karimi;Jaron V Moon;Joshua Malzahn;E. Eddings;Roseanne Warren