Semantic Model Evolution in the Large: Variability and Refinement in Context

语义模型的大演化：上下文中的变异性和细化

• 批准号: 250902306
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernhard Rumpe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Informatik 3 - Software Engineering
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/250902306?language=en
• 关键词: Semantic; Model; Evolution; Large; Variability

In model-driven software development models have to be extended, refined and adapted evolutionarily during the development and maintenance of software systems. To understand changes, it is important to compare model versions. The same applies to the comparison of model variants in product lines and the assurance of semantic-preserving model refactoring.The comparison operators introduced in (our) previous work master the comparison of two models of the same modeling language. However, a complex system must be described with many models in different languages to cover behavior, logical structure, use cases, deployment, etc.Model comparison must therefore take context into account, because models or the system components described by them often do not differ if the context appropriately restricts their use. Model evolution therefore requires semantic comparisons that include context. Context can be other models of the same language as well as of other languages. For example, the context of a behavior model is usually a structural model in which it is embedded or a globally known invariant e.g. defined as an OCL constraint.The generalization of semantic comparison operators for individual models to semantic comparison operators for several models is therefore absolutely necessary - and unfortunately not trivial.There is also the problem that the same modeling language can have slightly different semantics in different contexts of use(!). It would be advantageous to explicitly model the semantic variants of a language and to be able to automatically derive comparison operators for each variant.This project proposal includes the expansion of the techniques already successfully used for bidirectional comparisons in the following directions: (1) the relationship between syntactic and semantic differences, (2) the consideration of the model context (a set of other models) for the comparison of models in the project, and (3) the consideration of the context of use and the resulting language variability to derive comparison operators for the variants used.

在模型驱动的软件开发中，模型必须在软件系统的开发和维护过程中不断扩展、细化和适应。要了解更改，重要的是比较模型版本。这同样适用于产品线中模型变量的比较和模型重构的语义保持保证，前人工作中引入的比较算子掌握了相同建模语言的两个模型的比较。然而，一个复杂的系统必须用不同语言的许多模型来描述，以涵盖行为、逻辑结构、用例、部署等。因此，模型比较必须考虑上下文，因为如果上下文适当地限制了它们的使用，则模型或由它们描述的系统组件通常没有不同。因此，模型演化需要包括上下文在内的语义比较。语境可以是同一种语言的其他模式，也可以是其他语言的模式。例如，行为模型的上下文通常是嵌入其中的结构模型或全局已知的不变量，例如定义为OCL约束。因此，将单个模型的语义比较运算符泛化为多个模型的语义比较运算符是绝对必要的-不幸的是，这并不是微不足道的。还有一个问题是，相同的建模语言在不同的使用上下文中可能具有略有不同的语义(！)。本项目提案包括对已成功用于双向比较的技术在以下方向的扩展：(1)句法和语义差异之间的关系；(2)考虑用于项目中模型比较的模型上下文(一组其他模型)；以及(3)考虑使用的上下文和所产生的语言变异性来推导所使用的变体的比较算子。