Tenant Immobility and Family Well-Being: Considering the Role of Networks, Neighborhoods, and the Indoor Environment

租户的流动性和家庭福祉：考虑网络、社区和室内环境的作用

• 批准号: 2203801
• 负责人: Steven Schmidt
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Schmidt, Steven E
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2203801&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tenant; Immobility; Family; Well; Being

This award was provided as part of NSF's Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE) Postdoctoral Research Fellowships (SPRF) program. The goal of the SPRF program is to prepare promising, early career doctoral-level scientists for scientific careers in academia, industry or private sector, and government. SPRF awards involve two years of training under the sponsorship of established scientists and encourage Postdoctoral Fellows to perform independent research. NSF seeks to promote the participation of scientists from all segments of the scientific community, including those from underrepresented groups, in its research programs and activities; the postdoctoral period is considered to be an important level of professional development in attaining this goal. Each Postdoctoral Fellow must address important scientific questions that advance their respective disciplinary fields. Under the sponsorship of Dr. Ann Owens at the University of Southern California, this postdoctoral fellowship award supports an early career scientist investigating the relation between tenant immobility and gentrification. Rising rental costs combined with stagnating wages have led to an affordable housing crisis in the United States. Sociologists measuring the impact of housing unaffordability on U.S. families tend to focus on how rising housing costs displace renters from neighborhoods, and where renters move after they have been displaced. However, this focus overlooks how housing unaffordability may negatively impact low-income renters even before they experience displacement. Because moves are expensive and uncertain, it is likely that families make significant trade-offs to remain in their current home. Using in-depth interviews and survey data, this project will examine the experiences of immobile families living in Los Angeles County, California—one of the nation’s least affordable rental markets. It will identify the strategies that renters use to remain in their home and how these strategies shape their material, physical, and emotional well-being. More specifically, it will test the prediction that tenants manage poor maintenance at home to remain in neighborhoods that they value, and that strict tenant screening practices discourage moves away from low-quality rentals. This project will focus on the experiences of low-income minority households, who are understudied in sociological research on residential decision-making. The findings from this study can direct policy interventions that better protect tenants from apartment disinvestment and make rental housing more accessible at the tenant screening stage of housing searches. Sociologists have studied the relationship between gentrification and displacement (e.g., involuntary moves) for nearly four decades. However, less research has examined the experiences of disadvantaged renters in gentrifying neighborhoods who are immobile. By overlooking low-income families who do not move, existing sociological research on gentrification underestimates the impact of rising housing costs on family well-being. To address this gap, this project will answer the following research questions: (1) How do social networks, neighborhood contexts, and building-level conditions influence renter immobility? And (2), what are the potentially countervailing pathways through which immobility shapes renters’ material, emotional, and physical well-being? Based in Los Angeles County, CA, this project will use interviews and survey data from 80 low-income, immigrant renters—a population that has received scant scholarly attention in the residential mobility literature. I will supplement interviews with two surveys—the Berkman Syme Social Network Index to assess social integration and a housing adequacy measure from the U.S. Census that captures indoor environmental quality. I hypothesize that immobile renters manage substandard living environments to remain near neighborhood resources, job opportunities, and supportive social networks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是NSF的社会，行为和经济科学（SBE）博士后研究奖学金（SPRF）计划的一部分。 SPRF计划的目标是为学术界，工业或私营部门以及政府的科学职业以及政府的科学职业准备前景，为前景做准备。 SPRF奖项涉及在既定科学家的赞助下进行两年的培训，并鼓励博士后研究员进行独立研究。 NSF试图促进科学界各个细分市场的科学家的参与，包括来自代表性不足的群体的研究计划和活动；博士后时期被认为是实现这一目标的重要水平。每个博士后研究员都必须解决重要的科学问题，以推进各自的学科领域。在南加州大学的安·欧文斯（Ann Owens）的赞助下，这项博士后奖学金奖支持了早期的职业科学家，调查了租户不动和高档化之间的关系。租金成本上升与停滞的服务员相结合，导致了美国的住房危机。衡量住房对美国家庭的影响的社会学家倾向于关注住房成本的上升如何从社区流离失所，以及租房者流离失所后的位置。但是，这种重点忽略了住房不可承担性如何甚至在出现流离失所之前就会对低收入租赁产生负面影响。由于举动昂贵且不确定，因此家庭很可能会在目前的房屋中进行重大权衡。使用深入的访谈和调查数据，该项目将研究居住在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县的不动家庭的经历，这是美国负担得起的租赁市场之一。它将确定房客用来留在家中的策略，以及这些策略如何塑造其物质，身体和情感福祉。更具体地说，它将测试租户在家中管理不良的维护以保持其重视的社区的预测，并且严格的租户筛查习惯阻止远离低质量租金。该项目将集中于低收入少数族裔家庭的经历，这些家庭在居民决策中受到理解。这项研究的发现可以指导政策干预措施，以更好地保护租户免受公寓投资的侵害，并使在住房搜查的租户筛查阶段更容易访问租金。社会学家研究了将近四十年的绅士化和流离失所之间的关系（例如，参与动作）。但是，较少的研究检查了在不动的高档化社区中支持灾难的租金的经历。通过忽视不动的低收入家庭，现有的有关高档化的社会学研究低估了住房成本上升对家庭福祉的影响。为了解决这一差距，该项目将回答以下研究问题：（1）社交网络，邻里环境和建筑水平的条件如何影响租金不动？ （2），不动的潜在反击途径是什么？该项目位于加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县，将使用来自80个低收入，移民租赁的访谈和调查数据，这是一个在住宅流动文献中受到苏格兰人的科学关注的人群。我将对两项调查进行补充访谈 - 伯克曼·西姆（Berkman Syme）社交网络指数，以评估社会融合和美国人口普查的住房充分措施，以捕捉室内环境质量。我假设固定的租金管理不合标准的生活环境，以保持附近的资源，工作机会和支持性的社交网络。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估审查标准，被认为是珍贵的支持。

项目成果

Buen Crédito y Buen Seguro: Legal Status and Restricted Access to Shelter among Low-Income Latina/o Renters in an Immigrant Gateway City

Buen Crédito y Buen Seguro：移民门户城市低收入拉丁裔/o 租房者的法律地位和获得庇护的限制

• DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spad021
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Social Problems
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Schmidt, Steven