Physics and Astrophysics of Compact Binaries

致密双星的物理学和天体物理学

• 批准号: 2207502
• 负责人: Emanuele Berti
• 金额: $ 43.23万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2207502&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physics; Astrophysics; Compact; Binaries

This award supports research in relativity and relativistic astrophysics, and it addresses the priority areas of NSF's "Windows on the Universe" Big Idea. This award supports studies of gravitational wave observations to gain a deeper understanding of gravity and black holes. Large financial resources have been invested in advanced detector design on the experimental side, and in a community effort to build compact binary detection templates on the theoretical/data analysis side. The first gravitational-wave detections by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration were a major milestone, but for gravitational-wave science to make even more groundbreaking contributions we must be able to go beyond detections, extracting fundamental physics from the strong-gravity dynamics of the sources. With the expected increase in volume coverage of LIGO/Virgo in the next observing runs, the operation of KAGRA in Japan, the completion of the Cosmic Explorer Horizon Study, and the inclusion of the Einstein Telescope in the 2021 ESFRI Roadmap, this work is timely, geared at enhancing the science scope of ground-based interferometers. The project will train students in a highly interdisciplinary field that requires expertise in general relativity, astrophysics, data analysis and high-energy physics. The students will benefit from interactions with a large international network of world-leading experts in gravitational physics.The projects supported by this award are strongly intertwined, but for convenience they can be grouped in two main research areas: (1) "black hole spectroscopy", i.e. the research program trying to identify merger remnants as the black holes predicted by general relativity from their oscillation frequencies; and (2) ameliorating systematic effects in gravitational-wave astronomy. The first set of projects investigates the detectability of multiple ringdown modes, the measurability of their frequencies, the construction of better models for the ringdown mode amplitudes, and instabilities in quasinormal mode spectra. The second set studies how systematics could affect single-event parameter estimation within general relativity, lead to false “detections” of effects beyond general relativity, and limit our ability to test general relativity and observe gravitational lensing. The PI's group will study the effect of systematics on parameter estimation, tests of general relativity and detection of lensing effects, at both the single-event and population levels. The knowledge gained will be used to devise self-correcting strategies to ameliorate the effect of systematics as we enter the Big Data regime of third-generation interferometers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持相对论和相对论天体物理学的研究，并解决了NSF“宇宙之窗”大理念的优先领域。该奖项支持引力波观测研究，以更深入地了解引力和黑洞。大量的财政资源已经投入到先进的检测器设计的实验方面，并在社区的努力，建立紧凑的二进制检测模板的理论/数据分析方面。LIGO/Virgo合作的第一次引力波探测是一个重要的里程碑，但是为了让引力波科学做出更多开创性的贡献，我们必须能够超越探测，从源的强引力动力学中提取基础物理。随着LIGO/Virgo在下一次观测运行中的体积覆盖范围的预期增加，KAGRA在日本的运作，宇宙探索者地平线研究的完成，以及爱因斯坦望远镜在2021年ESFRI路线图中的加入，这项工作是及时的，旨在增强地基干涉仪的科学范围。该项目将培养学生在一个高度跨学科的领域，需要在广义相对论，天体物理学，数据分析和高能物理学的专业知识。学生将受益于与世界领先的引力物理学专家的大型国际网络的互动。该奖项支持的项目密切相关，但为了方便起见，它们可以分为两个主要研究领域：（1）“黑洞光谱学”，即试图从振荡频率识别合并残余物作为广义相对论预测的黑洞的研究计划;（2）改善引力波天文学中的系统效应。第一组项目调查的可检测性的多个振铃模式，其频率的可测量性，更好的模型的振铃模式振幅的建设，和准正规模式谱的不稳定性。第二组研究系统学如何影响广义相对论中的单粒子参数估计，导致广义相对论之外效应的错误“检测”，并限制我们测试广义相对论和观察引力透镜的能力。PI小组将在单事件和总体水平上研究系统学对参数估计、广义相对论检验和透镜效应检测的影响。获得的知识将用于设计自我校正策略，以改善系统学的影响，因为我们进入了第三代干涉仪的大数据制度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的，通过评估使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Massive black hole assembly in nuclear star clusters

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.083012
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: K. Kritos;E. Berti;J. Silk

Constraining modifications of black hole perturbation potentials near the light ring with quasinormal modes

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.124036
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: S. Völkel;N. Franchini;E. Barausse;E. Berti

Stability of the fundamental quasinormal mode in time-domain observations against small perturbations

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.084011
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: E. Berti;V. Cardoso;M. Cheung;Francesco Di Filippo;F. Duque;P. Martens;S. Mukohyama

Quadrupole instability of static scalarized black holes

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.107.l081501
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: B. Kleihaus;J. Kunz;Tim Utermöhlen;E. Berti

Relativistic drag forces on black holes from scalar dark matter clouds of all sizes

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.l121502
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: D. Traykova;R. Vicente;K. Clough;T. Helfer;E. Berti;P. Ferreira;L. Hui