Gravitational Wave Data Analysis: Inferring the Properties of Compact Objects and Searching for New Physics

引力波数据分析：推断致密天体的特性并寻找新物理

• 批准号: 2207594
• 负责人: Aaron Zimmerman
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2207594&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gravitational; Wave; Data; Analysis; Inferring

This research project is devoted to the analysis and modeling of gravitational waves. These ripples in the very fabric of space and time are produced when the densest objects in the Universe -- such as black holes and neutron stars -- orbit and collide. The detection of gravitational waves by the NSF-funded LIGO and European Virgo collaborations has opened up a new window on the Universe, revealing previously invisible events like pairs of black holes merging. Researchers supported by this award will participate in the analysis of gravitational waves as members of the LIGO collaboration, helping to infer the properties of the sources of these ripples. In addition to these collaboration activities, which have far-reaching impacts on astrophysics, cosmology, and nuclear physics, the research group will carry out searches for new physics using gravitational-wave data. Detections of gravitational waves provide information about spacetime at its most dynamic, allowing for strong-field tests of relativity, as the possibility of detecting extremely compact objects which are otherwise invisible to electromagnetic observations. This award will enable both searches for gravitational waves from new, hypothetical compact stars, and use the final "ringdown" of merged black holes to search for new physics. These research activities will provide training for graduate students in modeling and data analysis, skillsets which are in great demand and of great benefit to society. In addition, members of the group will engage in outreach activities in order to educate and inspire the public about this new field of physics and astronomy.In particular, this project focuses on searching for new physics with gravitational wave detections, while continuing to support the LIGO Scientific Collaboration by performing Bayesian parameter estimation on detections made in the collaboration's next observing campaign. The PI and other members of the group will participate in the planning and development of parameter estimation pipelines, and carry out inferences on detections made in low latency. These inferences are a crucial first step in the use of gravitational waves for understanding the populations of compact objects, inferring the nuclear equation of state from observations of binary neutron stars, testing the theory of relativity, and using gravitational waves to measure cosmic expansion. The project will also include the development of accurate, reduced-dimensional waveform models to enable the search for low-mass compact objects with large spin-induced quadrupole moments. Such hypothetical objects can be missed by current searches, and their detection would reveal exotic new physics. The GstLAL search pipeline and random template banks will be used to carry out searches for these systems in publicly available data. The team will also use methods borrowed from quantum mechanical perturbation theory to predict how possible deviations from relativity are imprinted on the ringdown spectrum of spinning black holes. After predicting the changes to the spectrum from particular deviations, Bayesian parameter estimation will be used to constrain or measure the underlying parameters of these models using ringdown signals from previously detected binary black hole mergers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该研究项目致力于重力波的分析和建模。当宇宙中最密集的物体（例如黑洞和中子星）轨道和碰撞时，这些涟漪就会产生时空和时间的结构。 NSF资助的Ligo和欧洲处女座合作对引力波的检测为宇宙打开了一个新窗口，揭示了以前看不见的事件，例如合并的黑洞对。该奖项支持的研究人员将参与引力波的分析，作为Ligo合作的成员，有助于推断这些涟漪来源的特性。除了这些合作活动对天体物理学，宇宙学和核物理学有深远影响的协作活动外，研究小组还将使用重力波数据进行搜索新物理学。重力波的检测提供了有关时空最动态的信息，从而可以进行强场测试，因为检测到极其紧凑的物体的可能性是电磁观察值。该奖项将使您可以从新的，假设的紧凑型恒星中搜索引力波，并使用合并的黑洞的最终“响声”来寻找新物理学。这些研究活动将为研究生进行建模和数据分析，对社会有很大需求和巨大好处的技能提供培训。此外，该小组的成员将进行外展活动，以教育和激发公众对这个新的物理和天文学领域的启发。尤其是，该项目着重于通过引力波检测来寻找新的物理学，同时继续通过在协作中对贝叶斯进行探测来支持Ligo Scientific Collaboration。 PI和该小组的其他成员将参与参数估计管道的计划和开发，并对低潜伏期中的检测进行推断。这些推论是使用引力波来理解紧凑物体种群的关键第一步，从二进制中子恒星的观察，测试相对性理论并使用引力波来测量宇宙扩张。该项目还将包括开发准确的，降低的波形模型，以使搜索具有大型自旋诱导的四倍矩的低质量紧凑型物体。当前的搜索可能会错过这种假设的对象，它们的检测将揭示出异国情调的新物理学。 GSTLAL搜索管道和随机模板库将用于在公开数据中对这些系统进行搜索。该团队还将使用从量子机械扰动理论中借用的方法来预测在旋转黑洞的环down频谱上的可能偏差。在预测特定偏差的光谱变化之后，贝叶斯参数估计将使用先前检测到的二进制黑洞合并的RINGDOWN信号来限制或衡量这些模型的基本参数。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响，通过评估值得通过评估来进行评估。

项目成果

Improved ranking statistics of the GstLAL inspiral search for compact binary coalescences

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.043004
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: L. Tsukada;Prathamesh Joshi;S. Adhicary;Richard N. George;A. Guimaraes;C. Hanna;R. Magee;A. Zimmerman;Pratyusava Baral;A. Baylor;K. Cannon;S. Caudill;B. Cousins;J. Creighton;B. Ewing;H. Fong;P. Godwin;Reiko Harada;Yun-Jing Huang;R. Huxford;J. Kennington;Soichiro Kuwahara;A. Li;D. Meacher;C. Messick;S. Morisaki;D. Mukherjee;Wanting Niu;A. Pace;C. Posnansky;Anarya Ray;S. Sachdev;S. Sakon;Divya R. Singh;R. Tapia;T. Tsutsui;K. Ueno;A. Viets;L. Wade;M. Wade

Search for subsolar-mass black hole binaries in the second part of Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s third observing run

在 Advanced LIGO 的第二部分和 Advanced Virgo 的第三次观测中搜索亚太阳质量黑洞双星

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad588
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: The LVK, Collaboration

Success of the small mass-ratio approximation during the final orbits of binary black hole simulations

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.107.084021
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Sergi Navarro Albalat;A. Zimmerman;M. Giesler;M. Scheel

Constraining intermediate-mass black holes from the stellar disc of SgrA*

约束来自 SgrA* 恒星盘的中等质量黑洞

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad2783
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Fouvry, Jean-Baptiste;Bustamante-Rosell, María José;Zimmerman, Aaron
• 通讯作者: Zimmerman, Aaron