Technology Demonstration for Mid-Frequency Gravitational-Wave Detector
中频引力波探测器技术演示
基本信息
- 批准号:2207757
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 45万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This award supports the construction and demonstration of sensors that will be able to measure extremely small variations in the local gravitational field. The main motivation is to make it possible to build a new type of gravitational wave detector that will be able to detect gravitational-wave signals in a so-far little-explored frequency range, lower than what NSF's LIGO (and all other ground-based detectors) can sense, but higher than what the future space-based detector LISA will cover, thus enabling a new window to further explore physics and astrophysics with gravitational waves. Detecting signals in that middle range is supremely challenging, requiring extremely low-noise sensors and readout electronics that are virtually immune from vibrations. Superconducting materials and quantum-interference-device amplifiers should be able to meet those challenges if used in a configuration that compares multiple "test masses" whose tiny motions are compared directly using super-cooled circuits. This project is to construct an assembly with two test masses and confirm that it has the expected stability and sensitivity in the target frequency range. As an added benefit, it is anticipated that this sensor technique could also be adapted to rapidly sense the subtle gravitational changes from shifting faults deep underground, enabling faster early warning of earthquakes before the seismic waves reach the surface and thereby potentially saving lives and reducing damage to infrastructure.The sensor design for this project builds on the Maryland Gravitation Experiment group's experience with levitating superconducting test masses and sensing differential displacements using cryogenic circuits at liquid helium temperature (4 K). Direct differential sensing of displacements relative to a common rigid frame measures gravity gradients. A tetrahedral arrangement of test masses is sufficient to sense all tensor components of variations of the local gravitational field; this design is called Mini-SOGRO. This project will construct an assembly with two test masses, using a design that is expected to achieve Q factors greater than 10^6 in the differential sensing mode at frequencies below 0.1 Hz using capacitive sensing with superconducting capacitance bridges, SQUID amplifiers and lock-in amplifier readout. A key feature of the new design is the use of multiple curved ridges on the test mass surface, strategically aligned with coils, to produce a "negative spring" that will mitigate the intrinsic nonlinearity of the levitation (and sensing) fields on the test masses and thereby make it possible to achieve very low resonant frequency. The Q will be measured and the common-mode rejection, i.e. robustness to vibrations of the housing, assessed.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
该奖项支持传感器的建造和演示,这些传感器将能够测量局部重力场的极小变化。 主要动机是使建造一种新型引力波探测器成为可能,这种探测器将能够在迄今为止很少探索的频率范围内探测引力波信号,低于NSF的LIGO(和所有其他地基探测器)可以感知的频率范围,但高于未来的天基探测器丽莎将覆盖的频率范围,从而为进一步探索引力波物理学和天体物理学提供新的窗口。 检测中等范围内的信号极具挑战性,需要极低噪声的传感器和几乎不受振动影响的读出电子设备。 如果超导材料和量子干涉器件放大器用于比较多个“测试质量”的配置中,那么它们应该能够满足这些挑战,这些测试质量的微小运动直接使用过冷电路进行比较。 本项目旨在构建具有两个测试质量的组件,并确认其在目标频率范围内具有预期的稳定性和灵敏度。 作为一个额外的好处,预计这种传感器技术也可以适用于快速感测地下深处移动断层的微妙重力变化,在地震波到达地表之前,能够更快地预警地震,从而有可能挽救生命,减少对基础设施的破坏。该项目的传感器设计建立在马里兰州引力实验组在悬浮超导方面的经验基础上在液氦温度(4 K)下使用低温回路测试质量和感测差分位移。 相对于普通刚性框架的位移的直接差分感测测量重力梯度。 一个四面体排列的测试质量足以感测局部引力场变化的所有张量分量;这种设计被称为Mini-SOGRO。 该项目将构建一个具有两个测试质量的组件,使用的设计预期在差分感测模式下在低于0.1 Hz的频率下使用超导电容桥、SQUID放大器和锁定放大器读出的电容感测实现大于10^6的Q因子。 新设计的一个关键特征是在测试块表面上使用多个弯曲脊,战略性地与线圈对齐,以产生“负弹簧”,这将减轻测试块上的悬浮(和感测)场的固有非线性,从而使其能够实现非常低的谐振频率。 该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Peter Shawhan其他文献
Peter Shawhan的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Peter Shawhan', 18)}}的其他基金
WoU-MMA: Gravitational Wave Data Analysis and Tools for Multi-Messenger Astrophysics
WoU-MMA:多信使天体物理学的引力波数据分析和工具
- 批准号:
2309085 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
WoU-MMA: Gravitational Wave Data Analysis and Improved Multi-Messenger Astrophysics Capabilities
WoU-MMA:引力波数据分析和改进的多信使天体物理能力
- 批准号:
2012159 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Technology Development for Mid-Frequency Gravitational-Wave Detector
中频引力波探测器技术开发
- 批准号:
1912627 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Multi-Messenger Astrophysics and Fundamental Physics Tests with Gravitational Waves
利用引力波进行多信使天体物理学和基础物理测试
- 批准号:
1710286 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Workshop: What's Next for LIGO to be held in Silver Spring, MD; May 7-8, 2015.
研讨会:LIGO 的下一步将在马里兰州银泉举行;
- 批准号:
1542132 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Enabling Multi-Messenger Astrophysics in the Advanced LIGO Era
在先进的 LIGO 时代实现多信使天体物理学
- 批准号:
1404121 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Gravitational-Wave Science: Multi-Messenger Searches and Tests of Alternative Theories
引力波科学:多信使搜索和替代理论测试
- 批准号:
1068549 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Gravitational Wave Burst Searches and Signal Validation
引力波爆发搜索和信号验证
- 批准号:
0757957 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Gravitational Wave Burst Searches and Signal Validation
引力波爆发搜索和信号验证
- 批准号:
0653421 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
SGER: Application of the Hilbert-Huang Transform to LIGO Data Analysis
SGER:Hilbert-Huang 变换在 LIGO 数据分析中的应用
- 批准号:
0738032 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 45万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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