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Featural Affixes: The Morphology of Phonological Features

特征词缀：语音特征的形态学

基本信息

批准号：
251719549
负责人：
Professor Dr. Jochen Trommer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Linguistik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/251719549?language=en
关键词：
Featural Affixes Morphology Phonological Features

项目摘要

Featural affixes are affixes which express morphosyntactic categories by adding phonological features to segments of a base word (cf. German Bruder brother/Brüder brothers, where plural morphology consists exclusively in vocalic fronting, i.e. the affixation of the phonological feature [-back] on the stressed vowel). Although they are among the most frequent and widespread types of morphology crosslinguistically, our theoretical understanding of featural affixes is limited by two substantial problems: (i) Systematic research on the topic has been limited almost exclusively to their phonological properties, hence we know little about featural affixes as morphological objects, and (ii) the empirical foundation of research on featural affixes is based on an extremely small sample of languages, and relies in crucial respects on empirically flawed data. This project addresses both problems by a detailed empirical and theoretical study on the morphology of featural affixes in four central areas: their linearization, cooccurrence, allomorphy, and their syncretism in the languages of the world. These areas have been the subject of intensive recent empirical and theoretical research for segmental affixes, but have received little attention with respect to featural affixes. Featural affixation as one of the most segment-like types of nonconcatenative morphology thus provides an ideal testing ground for examining the empirical validity of central assumptions of theoretical morphology in a broader empirical domain. More specifically, we pursue the following goals: (i) the creation of an extensive crosslinguistic survey of representative featural affixes to identify systematic patterns of their distribution, (ii) the extension of descriptive and theoretical categories from segmental affixation to featural affixes, (iii) the testing of hypotheses developed for segmental affixation on featural affixes, and (iv) the theoretical integration of featural affixation into a restrictive grammar formalism. Altogether, the in-depth study of featural affixation promises to substantially deepen our theoretical understanding of general principles of affixation beyond segmental affixes, but also, since featural affixes interact more massively with the phonological structure of base words than segmental affixes, the access of phonological computation to morphological structure and, more generally, the interaction of modules in the architecture of the grammar.

特征词缀是通过将语音特征添加到基词的片断来表达形态句法类别的词缀(参见。德国布鲁德兄弟/布鲁德兄弟，其中复数形态仅存在于发音前，即在重读的元音上附加音素特征[-back])。尽管它们是交叉语言学中最常见和最普遍的词缀类型之一，但我们对特征词缀的理论理解受到两个实质性问题的限制：(1)对这一主题的系统研究几乎仅限于它们的语音特征，因此我们对作为形态客体的特征词缀知之甚少；(2)特征词缀研究的经验基础是基于极小的语言样本，并且在关键方面依赖于经验上有缺陷的数据。本研究通过对特征词缀的线性化、共现、同形和融合性这四个核心领域进行详细的实证和理论研究来解决这两个问题。这些领域一直是最近对节段词缀进行深入的经验和理论研究的主题，但关于特征词缀的研究却很少受到关注。特征词缀作为非连接词法中最具语段特征的词缀类型之一，为在更广泛的经验域中检验理论词法的中心假设的经验有效性提供了一个理想的测试基础。更具体地说，我们追求以下目标：(I)建立一个广泛的跨语言调查的代表性特征词缀，以确定其系统的分布模式；(Ii)将描述性和理论性范畴从分段词缀扩展到特征词缀；(Iii)对特征词缀的节段词缀假设进行检验；以及(Iv)将特征词缀理论整合到限制性语法形式中。总之，对特征词缀的深入研究将大大加深我们对词缀一般原则的理论理解，不仅限于音节词缀，而且由于特征词缀与基词的语音结构的相互作用比音节词缀更大，语音计算对形态结构的通达，以及更广泛地说，语法结构中模块之间的相互作用。