Coordination Funds

协调基金

• 批准号: 460288529
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jochen Trommer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Linguistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/460288529?language=en
• 关键词: Coordination; Funds

Cyclic structure building (as in Chomsky’s Minimalist Program) and optimization (as in Optimality Theory) are two central research areas of grammatical theory, but only a fraction of the research in both fields addresses their interaction. The general intuition behind cyclic models of grammars is that the same operations (or types of operations) apply iteratively in increasingly bigger morphosyntactic domains. A simple version of this idea is interleaving syntactic or morphological structure-building operations with interpretive or restructuring operations. Thus, in Chomsky’s Minimalist Syntax, the basic operation Merge is structure-building in creating hierarchical syntactic representations (‘trees’) whereas the alternating operation Agree just modifies the featural content of syntactic units, or, under a slightly different perspective, adds information for morphological interpretation. Similarly in Lexical Phonology, interpretive phonological rules are cyclically interleaved with morphological structure building. By optimization, we understand a grammatical procedure which chooses among different potential alternatives and blocks suboptimal alternatives, based on a structured set of criteria. A classical case is the Elsewhere Condition which captures, for example, the fact that more specific morphological realizations block more general ones, such as the blocking of the potential English plural forms *ox-es by the listed form ox-en. Optimization in the broad sense envisaged here underlies not only Optimality Theory and Harmonic Grammar, but also psycholinguistic race models, analogy-based models, and last-resort and repair operations in derivational approaches to syntax. The goal of the research unit proposed here is to explore the hypothesis that combining cyclicity and optimization achieves an added level of explanation not available to either alone: Cyclicity can substantially restrict the search space of optimization processes and explain why optimization is often surface-opaque, while optimization yields a principled account for the timing, size, and variability of cycles, as shown by encouraging results in Stratal Optimality Theory and Harmonic Serialism Based on these results, we want to extend the empirical coverage of models where cyclicity and optimization crucially interact to a comprehensive range of grammatical phenomena, and develop their full theoretical potential. Thus the single sub-projects in the research unit investigate the interactions between all basic grammatical modules (morphology, syntax, semantics, and phonology), and evaluate and compare systematically different versions of Cyclic Optimization on the same and related types of empirical data. In addition, a complementary computational sub-project investigates abstract, formal properties of Cyclic Optimization approaches across grammatical areas.

循环结构构建(如乔姆斯基的最简方案)和最优化(如最优化理论)是语法理论的两个中心研究领域，但这两个领域的研究中只有一小部分涉及到它们之间的相互作用。语法循环模型背后的一般直觉是，相同的操作(或操作类型)迭代地应用于越来越大的形态句法领域。这个想法的一个简单版本是将句法或形态结构构建操作与解释性或重组操作交织在一起。因此，在乔姆斯基的最简句法中，合并的基本操作是建立结构，建立层级句法表示(树)，而交替操作一致只是修改句法单位的特征内容，或者在略有不同的视角下，为形态解释增加信息。同样，在词汇音系学中，释义音系规则与形态结构的构建是循环交织的。通过优化，我们理解了一个语法过程，它基于一组结构化的标准在不同的潜在备选方案中进行选择，并阻止非最优备选方案。一个经典的例子是别处条件，例如，更具体的形态实现阻止了更一般的条件，例如列出的形式ox-en阻止了潜在的英语复数形式*ox-es。这里设想的广义最优化不仅包括优选论和调和语法，还包括心理语言种族模型、类比模型以及句法派生方法中的最后手段和修复操作。这里提出的研究单位的目标是探索这样一个假设，即循环性和优化相结合实现了单独无法获得的解释水平：循环性可以实质上限制优化过程的搜索空间，并解释为什么优化往往是表面不透明的，而优化产生了对周期的时间、大小和可变性的原则性解释，正如基于这些结果在层级最优理论和调和序列性中令人鼓舞的结果所示，我们希望扩大周期性和优化关键地交互作用到广泛的语法现象的模型的经验覆盖范围，并充分开发它们的理论潜力。因此，研究单元中的单个子项目调查所有基本语法模块(词法、句法、语义和音系学)之间的相互作用，并对相同类型和相关类型的经验数据进行系统地评估和比较不同版本的循环优化。此外，一个互补的计算子项目研究了跨语法领域的循环优化方法的抽象、形式属性。