Sedimentary Minerals, Organic Chemical Transformations, and the Origin of Life

沉积矿物、有机化学转化和生命起源

基本信息

项目摘要

Our understanding of geological environments on Earth 4.35 billion years ago has advanced to the point where geology can be combined with organic chemistry that does not need careful human control to build models for how the first genetic molecules might have emerged on Earth, and possibly on other rocky planets like Mars. This "hands off" chemistry can be further simplified in the context of rocks present in those environments. This combination now allows us to advance scientific knowledge relevant to one of the oldest questions posed by humankind: Where did we come from? Further, the simplicity of the prebiotic chemistry that this project will develop makes it accessible to students, even those in high school. In addition to advancing the science, this project will deliver kits to those students that will let them participate in the current excitement in geochemistry relevant to this "big question".This geology-chemistry combination supports the "RNA first hypothesis" for the origin of life, which holds that Darwinian evolution emerged based on the abiological formation of ribonucleic acid that served as its first informational molecule. Here, the geological environment comprises intermittently dry, constrained aquifers that receive by rain small carbohydrates stabilized by volcanic sulfur dioxide, reduced nitrogen-containing organic molecules, and other species that were created by UV and electrical discharge in atmospheres that had been reduced by iron fragmented from the cores of impacting bodies. The geological environment includes surrounding rocks from a redox neutral crust, including borate evaporite minerals, as well as basaltic glass generated by the impacts and volcanism on the young Earth. The basaltic glass contains dehydrated phosphates which can serve as a catalyst to assemble RNA. In this single environment, small organics can yield oligomeric RNA 100-200 nucleotides long by a process that initiates with borate-controlled maturation of stabilized carbohydrates, phosphorylation by glass-delivered polyphosphates, reaction of ribose cyclic phosphates with nucleobases to give nucleotides, with borate-moderated phosphorylation yielding nucleoside triphosphates. This project will complete structure analysis of RNA products formed from triphosphates by impact glass, integrate carbohydrate processing with downstream nucleoside synthesis, explore the possibility of this environment producing homochiral products, and develop the sedimentary and igneous geology of relevant minerals for students to work with.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
我们对43.5亿年前地球上地质环境的理解已经发展到可以将地质学和有机化学结合起来的地质学和有机化学相结合的程度,而有机化学不需要仔细的人类控制来建立模型,研究第一批遗传分子可能是如何在地球上出现的,也可能是在火星等其他岩石行星上出现的。这种“不插手”的化学可以在那些环境中存在的岩石的背景下进一步简化。这种结合现在使我们能够推进与人类提出的最古老的问题之一相关的科学知识:我们从哪里来?此外,这个项目将开发的益生菌化学的简单性使其对学生来说是容易获得的,即使是高中生也是如此。除了推进科学,这个项目还将向那些学生提供工具包,让他们参与当前与这个“大问题”相关的地球化学兴奋。这种地质学和化学的结合支持了生命起源的“RNA第一假说”,该假说认为达尔文进化是基于作为其第一个信息分子的核糖核酸的非生物形成而产生的。这里的地质环境包括间歇性干燥、受限的含水层,这些含水层通过雨水接收火山二氧化硫稳定下来的小碳水化合物、还原的含氮有机分子,以及大气中紫外线和电场放电造成的其他物种,这些大气中的铁是从撞击物体的核心破碎而来的。地质环境包括氧化还原中性地壳的围岩,包括硼酸盐蒸发岩矿物,以及年轻地球上的撞击和火山作用产生的玄武岩玻璃。玄武岩玻璃含有脱水的磷酸盐,可以作为组装RNA的催化剂。在这种单一的环境中,小的有机物可以产生长达100-200个核苷酸的寡聚RNA,其过程始于稳定的碳水化合物的硼酸盐控制的成熟,玻璃递送的聚磷酸盐的磷酸化,核糖环磷酸盐与核苷酸碱基的反应得到核苷酸,以及硼酸盐调节的磷酸化产生核苷三磷酸。该项目将完成由三磷酸盐通过撞击玻璃形成的RNA产品的结构分析,将碳水化合物处理与下游核苷合成相结合,探索这种环境产生同手性产品的可能性,并开发相关矿物的沉积和火成岩地质学,供学生研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

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Steven Benner其他文献

Steven Benner的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Steven Benner', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Synthetic and Systems Biology Approaches to Semi-synthetic Cells with Expanded DNA Alphabets
合作研究:具有扩展 DNA 字母表的半合成细胞的合成和系统生物学方法
  • 批准号:
    2123995
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Darwinism from Artificial Genomes
来自人工基因组的达尔文主义
  • 批准号:
    1939086
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RoL:EAGER: DESYN-C3. Bottom-up Synthetic Cells Capable of Darwinism, the Archetypal Trait of Life
ROL:渴望:DESYN-C3。
  • 批准号:
    1844290
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Increasing Amino Acid Diversity in In Vitro Translation with Expanded Genetic Alphabets
通过扩展遗传字母表增加体外翻译中的氨基酸多样性
  • 批准号:
    1507816
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Firebug: A Living Cell that Propagates Plasmids Built from an Artificial Genetic System
Firebug:一种由人工遗传系统构建的可传播质粒的活细胞
  • 批准号:
    1412869
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Conference: 2014 Origins of Life, January 12-17, 2014 in Galveston, TX
会议:2014 年生命起源,2014 年 1 月 12 日至 17 日,德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿
  • 批准号:
    1338585
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
OPUS: Geological, Environmental, and Chemical Biology
作品:地质、环境和化学生物学
  • 批准号:
    0717335
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Quantitating In Vitro Selection
定量体外选择
  • 批准号:
    0403139
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Quantitating In Vitro Selection
定量体外选择
  • 批准号:
    0213575
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Self-assembling Nanostructures from An Expanded Genetic Information System (AEGIS)
来自扩展遗传信息系统(AEGIS)的自组装纳米结构
  • 批准号:
    9871880
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.52万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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ORIGINS - Organic molecular generation of protocells on iron minerals
起源 - 在铁矿物上有机分子生成原始细胞
  • 批准号:
    NE/Z000041/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
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    $ 52.52万
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Elucidating surface traits on minerals for soil organic matter persistence
阐明土壤有机质持久性矿物质的表面特征
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    23K13783
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    2023
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Quantitative Elucidation of the Role of Natural Organic Matter Fractions and Models on the Redox Reactivity of Iron Oxide Minerals
天然有机物组分和模型对氧化铁矿物氧化还原反应性的作用的定量阐明
  • 批准号:
    1904858
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    2019
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    $ 52.52万
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Roles of minerals during the evolution of organic matter in planetesimals
矿物质在星子有机物演化过程中的作用
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    18K03722
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The role of clay minerals and metal oxides for organic matter stabilization in highly weathered tropical soils
粘土矿物和金属氧化物在强风化热带土壤中稳定有机物的作用
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    327265988
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Collaborative Research: The role of phyllosilicate minerals in mediating the temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition
合作研究:页硅酸盐矿物在介导土壤有机质分解温度敏感性中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1656988
  • 财政年份:
    2017
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    $ 52.52万
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Stable hydrogen isotope ratios in soil constituents: New insights into the formation of organic matter and clay minerals
土壤成分中的稳定氢同位素比率:对有机质和粘土矿物形成的新见解
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    318431048
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    2016
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Quantitative elucidation of the Role of Natural Organic Matter on the Redox Reactivity of Iron Oxide Minerals
定量阐明天然有机物对氧化铁矿物氧化还原反应性的作用
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    1507496
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    $ 52.52万
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Organic components of cometary nuclei and the effects of opaque phases on spectral detectability of cometary organics and minerals.
彗星核的有机成分以及不透明相对彗星有机物和矿物质光谱可探测性的影响。
  • 批准号:
    278130103
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How Minerals Control Hydrothermal Organic Reactivity
矿物质如何控制热液有机反应
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    1357243
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