NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: The first actinopterygian ‘adaptive radiation’: integrating fossils, function and phylogeny to illuminate innovation in a post-extinction w

NSFGEO-NERC：合作研究：第一个放线虫“适应性辐射”：整合化石、功能和系统发育以阐明灭绝后世界的创新

• 批准号: 2219007
• 负责人: Matthew Friedman
• 金额: $ 39.99万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2219007&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSFGEO; NERC; Collaborative; Research; first

Ancient mass extinctions resulted in the loss of many species but also provided new opportunities for surviving groups. Study of these events is central to both understanding the origin of today’s biological diversity as well as contextualizing the threats it faces from environmental change. This work focuses on a major interval of crisis and recovery that took place around 360 million years ago: the Devonian/Carboniferous extinction. This study will determine the impact of this event on the early history of ray-finned fishes, key components of today’s aquatic ecosystems and a major commercial resource. The project will provide training at high school, undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate levels, and develop educational materials for wide audiences, including those underrepresented in STEM fields. Outreach includes a module for high-school students at the University of Michigan, programs at three museums with a combined annual attendance of greater than 500,000, and resources for use in local communities. This work will examine the role of the Devonian/Carboniferous extinction (359 Ma) in precipitating an apparent explosion of diversity among actinopterygians, setting the stage for the group’s dominance throughout the remainder of the Phanerozoic. The project will combine microCT, functional anatomy, 3D morphometrics, combined-evidence phylogenetic inference, and evolutionary comparative methods to Devonian and Carboniferous (419-299 Ma) actinopterygians. The project team will: (i) quantify discrete functional innovations, biomechanics, and shape for mandibles to test for increased functional and morphological diversity following a mass extinction; (ii) integrate anatomical, stratigraphic, and molecular data in a Bayesian framework to develop an inclusive hypothesis of early actinopterygian relationships and test hypotheses about the timing of evolutionary divergences and patterns of survival across the extinction boundary; and (iii) combine functional and morphological data with new phylogenetic hypotheses within a comparative framework in to test for shifts in evolutionary rate and mode among actinopterygians associated with the Devonian/Carboniferous extinction.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

古老的大量扩展导致许多物种的损失，但也为生存群体提供了新的机会。对这些事件的研究既是理解当今生物学多样性的起源，又要使环境变化所面临的威胁背景下来。这项工作着重于大约3.6亿年前发生的危机和恢复的主要间隔：泥盆纪/石炭纪延伸。这项研究将确定该事件对射线污染鱼类早期历史的影响，当今的水生生态系统的关键组成部分以及主要的商业资源。该项目将在高中，本科，研究生和研究生级别提供培训，并为广泛的受众开发教育材料，包括在STEM领域的人数不足的受众。外展包括密歇根大学高中生的模块，在三个博物馆举行的课程，年均出勤率超过500,000，以及在当地社区使用的资源。这项工作将研究泥盆纪/石炭纪延伸（359 MA）在造成肌动杆菌的多样性爆炸中的爆炸中的作用，这为该集团在Phanerozoic的其余部分中的统治奠定了基础。该项目将结合Microct，功能解剖学，3D形态计量学，与泥盆纪和石炭纪（419-299 MA）actinoptergergians相结合的实行系统发育推断以及进化比较方法。项目团队将：（i）量化批量扩展后的功能和形态多样性，量化离散功能创新，生物力学和形状； （ii）在贝叶斯框架中综合了解剖学，地层和分子数据，以发展早期actinopterygian关系的包容性假设，并检验了关于进化分歧和跨扩展边界生存模式的时机的假设； （iii）在比较框架内将功能和形态学数据与新的系统发育假设结合起来，以测试与泥盆纪/炭化性扩展相关的actinopterygians的变化和模式的变化。本奖颁奖典礼反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过对基金会的智力进行了评估，以评估依据，并被认为是珍贵的智力。

项目成果

A Late Devonian actinopterygian suggests high lineage survivorship across the end-Devonian mass extinction

• DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01919-4
• 发表时间: 2022-11-17
• 期刊: NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: Giles，Sam;Feilich，Kara;Friedman，Matt
• 通讯作者: Friedman，Matt