NNA Research: Collaborative Research: Foundations for Improving Resilience in the Energy Sector against Wildfires on Alaskan Lands (FIREWALL)

新北极航行（NNA）是NSF的十大创意之一。NNA项目解决快速变化的北极地区的趋同科学挑战。这项北极研究需要为国家、更大地区和地球仪的经济、安全和复原力提供信息。NNA增强了从地方到国际规模的新研究伙伴关系，使下一代北极研究人员多样化，加强正规和非正规教育的努力，并在适当的情况下整合知识的共同生产。该奖项通过解决以下NNA重点领域中社会系统、自然环境和建筑环境之间的相互作用来实现这一目标的一部分：北极居民、数据和观测、预测和弹性基础设施。近年来，阿拉斯加目睹了高强度的野火，这些野火通常在几天内发展到数万或数十万英亩，无论是在偏远、人口稀少的农村地区还是靠近人口中心的地区。由于气候变化，野火预计将增加，并对阿拉斯加能源基础设施和需要日常生活和卫生服务电力的社区带来新的和正在出现的风险。阿拉斯加特别容易受到野火的影响，因为其孤立的电网，容易发生火灾的北方森林和极端的火灾行为，以及其农村社区对电力的严重依赖，以获得健康和全年的食物供应。迫切需要增强北极社区、电力公司、应急响应人员和卫生组织的能力，以协作共享资源和交换信息，提高对野火的态势感知和复原力。FIREWALL研究项目将推进以下方面的知识：（1）自然环境，能源基础设施和社会系统的要素如何在野火之前，期间和之后相互作用，以及（2）如何在多部门利益相关者之间建立一个决策和沟通的协作框架，以减少社区和电力公司面临的野火风险。FIREWALL项目将制定一个风险-知情决策平台，集成（1）阿拉斯加土地野火的形成，短期预测和时空传播分析，（2）阿拉斯加的电力网络规划，准备，响应和缓解面临野火，以及（3）社区健康和社会脆弱性指标。该项目将通过与社区合作伙伴参加焦点小组、倾听会议和调查，建立对问题的共同理解。该决策平台将在一系列短期和长期用例中进行评估，供电力公司、林业管理人员和应急响应人员在不同的火灾情况下使用，并将在阿拉斯加一些野火多发的地理区域进行测试。该项目的成果将弥合社会和环境挑战之间的差距，为野火复原力提供社区在环工程解决方案，并为北极居民提供众多的教育机会。教育活动包括向K-12教师和学生进行外展，并使用FIREWALL平台产品培训多部门利益相关者，以促进顺利过渡到实际部署。该项目将有可能形成整体的综合路线图，可以提高公共安全和阿拉斯加及其他地区面临未来野火灾害时任务关键生命线基础设施的恢复力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) is one of NSF's 10 Big Ideas. NNA projects address convergence scientific challenges in the rapidly changing Arctic. This Arctic research is needed to inform the economy, security and resilience of the Nation, the larger region and the globe. NNA empowers new research partnerships from local to international scales, diversifies the next generation of Arctic researchers, enhances efforts in formal and informal education, and integrates the co-production of knowledge where appropriate. This award fulfills part of that aim by addressing interactions among social systems, natural environment, and built environment in the following NNA focus areas: Arctic Residents, Data and Observation, Forecasting, and Resilient Infrastructure.In recent years, Alaska has witnessed high-intensity wildfires that often grow to tens or hundreds of thousand acres within days, both in remote, sparsely populated rural areas and close to population centers. Wildfires are projected to increase due to climate change and present new and emerging risks to Alaskan energy infrastructure and communities needing electricity for daily life and health services. Alaska is especially vulnerable to wildfires due to its isolated electricity grid, fire-prone boreal forests, and extreme fire behavior, as well as the critical dependence of its rural communities on electricity for health and year-round food supply. There is an urgent need to empower Arctic communities, electric utilities, emergency responders, and health organizations to collaboratively share resources and exchange information for improved situational awareness and resilience against wildfires. The FIREWALL research project will advance the knowledge on (1) how elements of the natural environment, energy infrastructure, and social systems interact with one another before, during, and following wildfires, and (2) how to enable a collaborative framework for decision-making and communication among multi-sectoral stakeholders to reduce wildfire risks faced by communities and electric utilities.The FIREWALL project will develop a risk-informed decision-making platform that integrates (1) formation, short-term prediction, and spatiotemporal propagation analysis of wildfires on Alaskan lands, (2) Alaska’s electricity network planning, preparedness, response, and mitigation facing wildfires, and (3) community health and social vulnerability metrics. The project will establish a shared understanding of the problem by engaging in focus groups, listening sessions, and surveys with community partners. The decision-making platform will be evaluated in a range of short-term and long-term use cases for the electric utilities, forestry managers, and emergency responders under different fire regimes, and will be tested in a number of wildfire-prone geographical zones in Alaska. The project outcomes will bridge the gap between social and environmental challenges with community-in-the-loop engineering solutions for wildfire resilience, and provide Arctic residents with numerous educational opportunities. The education activities include outreach to K-12 teachers and students, and training the multi-sectoral stakeholders using the FIREWALL platform products to facilitate a smooth transition for deployment in practice. The project will have the potential to form holistic integrated roadmaps that can enhance public safety and resilience of the mission-critical lifeline infrastructure in Alaska and beyond when facing future wildfire disasters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.