CAREER: A Holistic Study of Compact-Object Mergers across the Electromagnetic Spectrum

职业：跨电磁频谱紧凑物体合并的整体研究

• 批准号: 2224255
• 负责人: Raffaella Margutti
• 金额: $ 85.39万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2224255&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Holistic; Study; Compact; Object

Black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs) are the densest objects in our Universe. The investigator will advance our understanding of BHs and NSs by studying their collisions in space. The violent collisions of BHs and NSs produce bursts of light that can be detected with telescopes, as well as gravitational waves (GWs) that can now be detected with special instruments like the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). Indeed, astronomers have very recently detected for the first time GWs and light from a neutron star merger named GW170817. This joint detection marked the beginning a new era of investigation: the era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics. New research programs, like the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), are further increasing the distances probed in the Universe and rate of discoveries. The investigator’s project capitalizes on this guaranteed stream of data, adding the unique perspective of a truly multi-wavelength (X-ray to radio) characterization of mergers of NSs and BHs. The investigator will work with high school teachers to develop curricular material on compact-object mergers, and to guide their students in research projects. Finally, the investigator’s group will work with visually impaired scientists and collaborate with professional musicians to translate astronomical measurements into sound to make multi-messenger astrophysics accessible to everybody and engage the wider public with an all-senses experience. The field of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics is in its infancy. After the first joint electromagnetic (EM)-GW detection, the research priority is to map the post-merger properties as constrained by the EM transients. This is the overarching goal of this investigation. By acquiring multi-wavelength observations that sample both the thermal and non-thermal emission, this effort will map the diversity of the EM outcomes from NS mergers. In doing so, this investigation will lead to the study of a population of NS mergers detected via GWs and light. New regimes of high energy and high-density physics will be explored in their research program. In addition, the investigator may improve constraints on the NS equation of state and on the rate of acceleration of the Universe. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

黑洞（BH）和中子星（NS）是宇宙中最致密的物体。研究人员将通过研究 BH 和 NS 在太空中的碰撞来加深我们对它们的理解。 BH 和 NS 的猛烈碰撞产生可以用望远镜探测到的光爆发，以及现在可以用激光干涉引力波天文台 (LIGO) 等特殊仪器探测到的引力波 (GW)。事实上，天文学家最近首次探测到了来自名为 GW170817 的中子星合并的引力波和光。这次联合探测标志着一个新的研究时代的开始：多信使天体物理学时代。新的研究计划，如遗产时空勘测 (LSST)，正在进一步增加宇宙探测的距离和发现率。研究人员的项目利用了这种有保证的数据流，增加了对 NS 和 BH 合并的真正多波长（X 射线到无线电）表征的独特视角。研究人员将与高中教师合作开发有关紧凑对象合并的课程材料，并指导学生进行研究项目。最后，研究小组将与视障科学家合作，并与专业音乐家合作，将天文测量结果转化为声音，使每个人都能接触到多信使天体物理学，并让更广泛的公众获得全感官体验。多信使天体物理学领域正处于起步阶段。在第一次联合电磁 (EM)-GW 检测后，研究的重点是绘制受电磁瞬变约束的合并后特性。这是本次调查的总体目标。通过获取对热发射和非热发射进行采样的多波长观测，这项工作将绘制 NS 合并产生的电磁结果的多样性。在此过程中，这项调查将导致对通过引力波和光检测到的 NS 合并群体的研究。 他们的研究计划将探索高能和高密度物理的新领域。 此外，研究者还可以改进对 NS 状态方程和宇宙加速率的约束。该项目推进了 NSF 宇宙之窗大创意的目标。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The Circumstellar Environments of Double-peaked, Calcium-strong Transients 2021gno and 2021inl

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac67dc
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: W. Jacobson-Galán;P. Venkatraman;R. Margutti;D. Khatami;G. Terreran;R. Foley;R. Angulo;C. Angus;K. Auchettl;P. Blanchard;A. Bobrick;J. Bright;D. Brout;K. Chambers;C. Couch;D. Coulter;K. Clever;K. Davis;T. D. de Boer;L. DeMarchi;S. Dodd;D. Jones;J. Johnson;C. Kilpatrick;N. Khetan;Z. Lai;D. Langeroodi;C.-C. Lin-C.;E. Magnier;D. Milisavljevic;H. Perets;J. Pierel;J. Raymond;S. Rest;A. Rest;R. Ridden-Harper;K. Shen;M. Siebert;C. Smith;Kirsty Taggart;S. Tinyanont;F. Valdes;V. Villar;Q. Wang;S. Yadavalli;Y. Zenati;A. Zenteno

Seven Years of Coordinated Chandra–NuSTAR Observations of SN 2014C Unfold the Extreme Mass-loss History of Its Stellar Progenitor

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8b14
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: D. Brethauer;R. Margutti;D. Milisavljevic;M. Bietenholz;R. Chornock;D. Coppejans;F. Colle;A. Hajela-A.

Millimeter Observations of the Type II SN 2023ixf: Constraints on the Proximate Circumstellar Medium

II 型 SN 2023ixf 的毫米级观测：对邻近星周介质的约束

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ace0c4
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: Berger, Edo;Keating, Garrett K.;Margutti, Raffaella;Maeda, Keiichi;Alexander, Kate D.;Cendes, Yvette;Eftekhari, Tarraneh;Gurwell, Mark;Hiramatsu, Daichi;Ho, Anna Y.
• 通讯作者: Ho, Anna Y.

Radio and X-Ray Observations of the Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transient AT 2020xnd

发光快蓝光瞬变的无线电和 X 射线观测 AT 2020xnd

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4506
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Bright, Joe S.;Margutti, Raffaella;Matthews, David;Brethauer, Daniel;Coppejans, Deanne;Wieringa, Mark H.;Metzger, Brian D.;DeMarchi, Lindsay;Laskar, Tanmoy;Romero, Charles
• 通讯作者: Romero, Charles

A Mildly Relativistic Outflow Launched Two Years after Disruption in Tidal Disruption Event AT2018hyz

潮汐扰乱事件 AT2018hyz 扰乱两年后启动了温和的相对论流出

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac88d0
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Cendes, Y.;Berger, E.;Alexander, K. D.;Gomez, S.;Hajela, A.;Chornock, R.;Laskar, T.;Margutti, R.;Metzger, B.;Bietenholz, M. F.
• 通讯作者: Bietenholz, M. F.