Collaborative Research: Development of Novel Chitosan-Biochar-Bentonite Composite Barrier Resilient to Changing Climate: Synthesis, Characterization, and Containment Mechanisms

合作研究：开发适应气候变化的新型壳聚糖-生物炭-膨润土复合屏障：合成、表征和遏制机制

基本信息

批准号：
2225195
负责人：
Angelica Palomino
金额：
$ 31.6万
依托单位：
University of Tennessee Knoxville
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2225195&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Development Novel Chitosan

项目摘要

Climate change is linked to the steady increase in occurrence and severity of flooding events world-wide, exposing those impacted to large volumes of floodwaters and the contaminants they carry. Contaminant types vary widely, which challenges the functionality of traditional contaminant barrier systems. This research will develop novel composite materials derived from low-cost waste materials – chitosan and biochar – and bentonite as sustainable, adaptive, and resilient barrier materials. Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from crustacean shells, and biochar, a carbonaceous byproduct produced from waste biomass, can each remove different contaminant types from floodwater. The key innovation of this work is the ability of the combined synthesized materials to remove a wide range of contaminant molecules of varying size and charge, such as heavy metals, nutrients, and organics, from floodwater while functioning as a containment barrier. This work will address the need to develop sustainable engineered barrier materials that effectively mitigate flooding and intercept the transport of many contaminant types potentially found in floodwaters. This award will support outreach to K-12 students and teachers, undergraduate and graduate engineering students, academics, and public agencies through activities such as organized field trips, workshops, and seminars.The goal of this work is to develop composites synthesized from low-cost, waste materials – chitosan and biochar – as sustainable, adaptive, and resilient barrier materials in containment systems for simultaneous flood mitigation and contaminant sequestration. The research objectives are: (1) develop repeatable methods for chitosan-bentonite composite, chitosan-amended biochar, and chitosan-biochar-bentonite composite synthesis, (2) investigate the physico-chemical and electrical binding mechanisms of chitosan with bentonite and biochar through characterization studies such as zeta potential measurement, (3) investigate contaminant sequestration/degradation and chemical compatibility ranges of the synthesized composites under changing climate conditions (pH, ionic strength, dissolved organic content, and contaminant mixtures) through batch studies, and (4) investigate the potential of chitosan-biochar-bentonite composites for contaminant sequestration in containment applications and derive contaminant transport parameters through column studies. The contributions expected from this work are: (1) developing sustainable, adaptive, low-cost containment barrier materials, (2) understanding the fundamental mechanisms governing the physico-chemical interactions between the synthesized materials and the selected contaminants, and (3) assessing chemical and environmental compatibility of the synthesized materials for effective adsorption of the selected contaminants. The synthesized materials have potential to be adapted for many containment applications such as lined retention ponds and landfill liners.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

气候变化与全球洪水事件的发生和严重程度的稳定增加有关，暴露于对大量洪水量的影响及其携带的污染物的影响。污染物类型差异很大，这挑战了传统污染物屏障系统的功能。这项研究将开发出源自低成本废料的新型复合材料 - 壳聚糖和生物炭 - 以及膨润土作为可持续，自适应和弹性屏障材料。壳聚糖是一种源自甲壳类动物壳的生物聚合物，而生物炭（由废物生物量产生的碳质副产品）可以分别从洪水中去除不同的污染物类型。这项工作的关键创新是合成材料合并的材料的能力，可以从洪水中从洪水中消除各种大小和电荷的污染物分子，例如重金属，养分和有机物，同时充当控制障碍。这项工作将解决有必要开发可持续的工程屏障材料，以有效减轻洪水并拦截许多可能在洪水中发现的污染物类型的运输。该奖项将通过诸如有组织的实地考察，研讨会和半身人士等活动来支持K-12学生和教师，本科和研究生工程专业的学生，学者和公共机构。这项工作的目的是开发从奇特材料和奇异材料和生物库中的低调，废物材料 - 可持续性，适应性的材料中合成的作品，以适应性，适应性和抵抗力材料。研究目的是：（1）开发可重复的方法用于壳聚糖膨润土复合材料，壳聚糖调节的生物炭和壳聚糖生物炭 - 碳纤维复合材料合成，（2）通过比entonite和Zeta的表征研究（3）研究（3）研究物理化学和电气结合机制（3）在不断变化的气候条件（pH，离子强度，溶解的有机含量和污染物混合物）下，合成组合物的兼容性范围通过批量研究，以及（4）研究壳聚糖生物炭甲虫组成的潜力，用于通过柱子进行污染物的污染物会话中的污染物会话。这项工作预期的贡献是：（1）开发可持续的，自适应，低成本的遏制屏障材料，（2）了解合成材料和所选污染物之间物理化学相互作用的基本机制，（3）评估合成材料的化学和环境兼容，以评估合成材料的有效添加添加功能的合成材料。合成的材料有可能适应许多遏制应用，例如衬里的保留池和垃圾填埋衬里。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来审查标准，通过评估来诚实地支持支持。