Understanding the Rules of Life Program: Scientific Advancements and Future Opportunities

了解生命规则计划：科学进步和未来机遇

• 批准号: 2227810
• 负责人: Kavita Berger
• 金额: $ 32.08万
• 依托单位: National Academy of Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2227810&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Rules; Life; Program; Scientific

Life sciences have become a core part of public policy and scientific solutions to address problems affecting nearly all aspects of society, including climate change, defense, public health and medicine, clean energy and energy independence, industry (i.e., the bioeconomy), agriculture, and sustainable development. Convergence of the life sciences with other scientific disciplines is a core enabler of advances across these sectors. In 2016, the National Science Foundation (NSF) established a program on Understanding the Rules of Life (URoL) to identify generalizable rules that govern biological systems at micro- and macro-scales. With support from this award, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Board on Life Sciences (NASEM) will conduct a retrospective analysis of the URoL program. For this analysis, the NASEM will interact with URoL principal investigators individually and in group settings to understand the program’s: a) achievements; b) integration of multi-disciplinary, systems-level approaches; c) broader implications for studying highly-complex systems, future scientific questions, and future societal needs; and d) the production of generalizable rules that apply to different fields and scales. The outcomes from these discussions will be include a proceedings, which will be peer reviewed and published through the established NASEM processes. The NSF URoL Big Idea challenged scientists across numerous disciplines to identify rules that govern how biological systems function at various scales and complexities, and determine which of those rules are generalizable across systems. The assessment and synthesis activities supported by this award are designed explicitly to: a) identify rules of life that apply within systems of similar scale and complexity; b) determine which of those rules also apply to systems of differing scales and complexity; and c) capture the contributions from the multidisciplinary teams in URoL-funded research towards providing insight into successful methods for collaborating across scientific disciplines. NASEM has published several reports describing convergence of the life sciences with other disciplines, which will inform discussions with URoL investigators and the project outcomes. Critical themes from unstructured and structured discussions will be captured to ensure that the outcomes of the assessment are informative to NSF and the broader scientific community. Furthermore, the knowledge gained about effective multidisciplinary research environments will enable future scientists to establish and lead multidisciplinary teams toward addressing future societal and scientific problems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生命科学已成为公共政策和科学解决方案的核心部分，以解决影响社会几乎所有方面的问题，包括气候变化，国防，公共卫生和医学，清洁能源和能源独立，工业（即，生物经济、农业和可持续发展。生命科学与其他科学学科的融合是这些部门取得进步的核心推动力。 2016年，美国国家科学基金会（NSF）建立了一个关于理解生命规则（URoL）的计划，以确定在微观和宏观尺度上管理生物系统的可推广规则。 在该奖项的支持下，美国国家科学院、工程院和医学生命科学委员会（NASEM）将对URoL项目进行回顾性分析。对于这种分析，NASEM将与URoL的主要研究者单独和小组环境互动，以了解该计划的：a）成就; B）多学科，系统级方法的整合; c）研究高度复杂的系统，未来的科学问题和未来的社会需求的更广泛的影响;和d）适用于不同领域和规模的可推广规则的生产。这些讨论的结果将包括一份会议记录，将通过既定的NASEM程序进行同行审查和公布。NSF URoL Big Idea挑战了众多学科的科学家，以确定控制生物系统在各种规模和复杂性下如何发挥作用的规则，并确定哪些规则可在系统中推广。该奖项支持的评估和综合活动明确旨在：a）确定适用于类似规模和复杂性系统的生命规则; B）确定哪些规则也适用于不同规模和复杂性的系统;以及c）捕捉来自UROL资助研究的多学科团队的贡献，以深入了解跨科学学科合作的成功方法。NASEM发表了几份报告，描述了生命科学与其他学科的融合，这将为与URoL研究人员的讨论和项目成果提供信息。非结构化和结构化讨论的关键主题将被捕获，以确保评估结果为NSF和更广泛的科学界提供信息。 此外，获得的关于有效的多学科研究环境的知识将使未来的科学家能够建立和领导多学科团队，以解决未来的社会和科学问题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。