Multi-scale analysis of the impact of soil moisture and boundary layer processes on convective precipitation

土壤湿度和边界层过程对对流降水影响的多尺度分析

• 批准号: 25290141
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christoph Kottmeier
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department Troposphärenforschung (IMK-TRO)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/25290141?language=en
• 关键词: Multi; scale; analysis; impact; soil

Within the framework of this project, a strategy to study the effects of soil moisture (SM), evapotranspiration and water vapour in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) on QPF will be applied on different scales (local to regional). The aim is to identify the dependence of convectively and orographically induced precipitation on the variability of the SM field and the corresponding processes in the PBL. This is made possible by an innovative measurement approach using a very high number of different SM sensors on various scales, which are partly supplied by the IMK from other sources and partly included in the overall COPS application. This application includes the implementation of a SM station network based on presently uncoordinated measurements of various organisations and supplemented by a large number of low-cost SM probes, 2D moisture measurements using geophysical methods (up to 1 km) and integrating SM measurements using FreeLineSensing and reflecting GPS signals (up to 40 km). These innovative techniques have been developed at the applicants institute. A minor part of this proposal covers improvements of such instruments to reach operationaiity, since the COPS application considers only proven measurement techniques. The measurements will form essential parts of the General Observation Period (GOP) and the Convectively and Orographically induced Precipitation Study (COPS) in 2007 and will provide important guidelines on the required size and resolution of SM station arrays for future operational measurement networks. Suitable quality control routines and upscaling algorithms for SM data from point measurements to the grid size of the operational forecast model LM (Lokal-Modell) of the German Wearther Service (DWD) will be developed. The water and energy fluxes at the surface and in the PBL will become available as a central part of the COPS experiment under IMK responsibility. The optimised SM and atmospheric fields arejg compared to their related representation within the LM and the global model GME. LM model runs will be initiated with the optimised fields to study the impact of surface and PBL processes on convective precipitation. LM model results are compared to observations during the COPS campaign for several case studies. The combination of dense observations with LM simulations permits a rigourous analysis of the water transfer process chain from soil moisture and fluxes in the PBL to convection initiation and precipitation. The work constitutes a central part of the overall COPS strategy by thorough analyses of the measurement data and aims to improve the QPF by better process representation in the weather prediction model LM.

在该项目的框架内，将在不同尺度（局部到区域）上应用研究土壤湿度（SM）、蒸散量和行星边界层（PBL）中的水蒸气对QPF影响的策略。目的是确定对流和地形诱发降水对 SM 场变化和 PBL 中相应过程的依赖性。这是通过使用大量不同规模的不同 SM 传感器的创新测量方法实现的，这些传感器部分由 IMK 从其他来源提供，部分包含在整个 COPS 应用中。该应用包括基于目前各组织不协调的测量来实施 SM 站网络，并辅以大量低成本 SM 探头、使用地球物理方法进行的 2D 湿度测量（长达 1 公里）以及使用 FreeLineSensing 和反射 GPS 信号集成 SM 测量（长达 40 公里）。这些创新技术是由申请人研究所开发的。该提案的一小部分涉及改进此类仪器以实现可操作性，因为 COPS 应用仅考虑经过验证的测量技术。这些测量将构成 2007 年一般观测周期 (GOP) 和对流和地形诱发降水研究 (COPS) 的重要组成部分，并将为未来业务测量网络所需的 SM 站阵列尺寸和分辨率提供重要指导。将开发适用于 SM 数据的质量控制例程和升级算法，从点测量到德国 Wearther Service (DWD) 的运营预测模型 LM (Lokal-Modell) 的网格大小。地表和 PBL 中的水和能量通量将作为 IMK 负责的 COPS 实验的核心部分提供。优化后的 SM 和大气场与 LM 和全球模型 GME 中的相关表示进行了比较。 LM 模型运行将通过优化场启动，以研究地表和 PBL 过程对对流降水的影响。将 LM 模型结果与 COPS 活动期间几个案例研究的观察结果进行了比较。密集观测与LM模拟相结合，可以对从土壤湿度和PBL中的通量到对流引发和降水的水传输过程链进行严格分析。这项工作通过对测量数据的彻底分析构成了整个 COPS 策略的核心部分，旨在通过天气预报模型 LM 中更好的过程表示来改进 QPF。