Research application of the novel multi sensor dropsonde for HALO for investigation of cyclones and embedded convection causing high impact weather in the Mediterranean

在2012年秋季的NEPTUN示范任务期间，新的KITsonde多传感器下降探空仪将在HALO上首次投入使用，用于调查引起地中海高影响天气（HIW）的深层对流和气旋。在连续三天的对流层上层低空槽形成深层对流、中尺度对流系统和具有嵌入对流的对流层低层气旋之后，KITsonde将结合原位和激光雷达遥感仪器，一方面探测上游气旋形成之前的风温和湿度的变化。另一方面，在HIW开发的最后阶段，KITsonde将从对流单元和MCS内部提供高分辨率的原位测量，这是飞机和光学遥感仪器无法实现的。该数据集将允许在所有影响尺度上分析风、温度和湿度在时间和空间上的变化，这些变化负责能量的垂直通量，而垂直通量本身对于对流的启动是决定性的，对流是HIW的一个重要触发机制。将研究对流系统内额外的高分辨率剖面对NWF模式COSMO-DE预报质量的影响。

The new KITsonde multi-sensor dropsonde will have its first operational use aboard HALO for investigation of deep convection and cyclones causing High Impact Weather (HIW) in the Mediterranean during the Demonstration Mission NEPTUN in autumn 2012. Following a sequence of three days of the development of an upper tropospheric trough leading to deep convection, mesoscale convective systems, and a lower tropospheric cyclone with embedded convection, the KITsonde will be used on the one hand to detect the variability of wind temperature and humidity prior to the cyclogenesis upstream, combined with in-situ and lidar remote sensing instruments. On the other hand during the final stage of HIW development, KITsonde will provide high resolution in-situ measurements from the inside of convective cells and MCS, inaccessible for the aircraft and optical remote sensing instruments. This dataset will allow the analysis of the variability of wind, temperature and humidity in time and space on all affecting scales, responsible for vertical fluxes of energy, which themselves are decisive for the initiation of convection - an important trigger mechanism for HIW. The impact of additional high resolution profiles within convective systems on the forecast quality of the NWF model COSMO-DE will be investigated.