Cartographic abstraction and obfuscation techniques for 3D city models for privacy protection

3D城市模型的地图抽象和混淆技术以保护隐私

• 批准号: 253259060
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Martin Kada
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Geodäsie und Geoinformationstechnik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/253259060?language=en
• 关键词: Cartographic; abstraction; obfuscation; techniques; 3D

As a result of the ongoing rapid developments in the field of sensor, analysis, and internet technologies, there is a continuous increase in the acquisition, presentation, and dissemination of geographical data. Especially for urban areas, there are already large-area photorealistic 3D city and street view models available on the internet for quite some time. The technological trend leads unstoppable towards more and more details and higher (image) resolutions. And there have been intentions advertised to systematically capture indoor environments. But besides all technical possibilities, it is easily forgotten that the systematic data acquisition of our surroundings and the derived realistic products out of it can also be perceived as an intrusion into our privacy. Especially if the deployed sensor platforms allow up to now unfamiliar viewing perspectives that overcome natural visibility barriers and therefore allow insights into our private living spaces. Furthermore, national security agencies and government representatives consistently express concerns regarding the presentation of security-relevant locations (government buildings, nuclear power plants, schools, churches, medical facilities, etc.) on the internet, which often results that the relevant areas are blurred or blacked out beyond recognition, thus lowering the applicability of 3D city models.In this research project, cartographic abstraction and obfuscation techniques are developed and applied in order to study and implement the protection of privacy and security-relevant areas with regard to the modelling, presentation and management of 3D city models. The objective is among others to translate the privacy measures known from the field of database management systems for handling personal data to the domain of 3D city models, without restricting their usage by the above mentioned filtering. Cartographic operations like simplification, aggregation, symbolization, typification etc. shall serve as elemental tools, which are (further) developed towards geometric and image based transformations of 3D building models if proven necessary. Besides the privacy requirements for affected individuals and facilities, the context, location, and authorization level of users, the semantics of buildings and regions, as well as temporal aspects shall be considered for the selection and configuration of abstraction and obfuscation levels. To dissolve the unavoidable occurring spatial privacy conflicts, geometric and image based conflict solving strategies as well as blending und rendering techniques are researched. The findings of the research project shall lead to the definition of abstract data types for spatial data bases and concepts for the integration of the developed abstraction and obfuscation techniques into the CityGML standard for 3D city models and into the OGC web services.

由于传感器、分析和互联网技术领域的持续快速发展，地理数据的获取、呈现和传播不断增加。特别是对于城市地区，互联网上已经有了大面积的照片逼真的3D城市和街景模型。技术趋势势不可挡地朝着越来越多的细节和更高的(图像)分辨率发展。而且已经有广告宣传有系统地捕捉室内环境的意图。但是，除了所有技术上的可能性之外，人们很容易忘记，对我们周围环境的系统数据获取以及从中衍生出的现实产品也可以被视为对我们隐私的侵犯。特别是如果部署的传感器平台允许到目前为止还不熟悉的视角，克服自然能见度障碍，从而允许深入了解我们的私人生活空间。此外，国家安全机构和政府代表一直对与安全有关的地点(政府大楼、核电站、学校、教堂、医疗设施等)的列报表示关切。为了研究和实现3D城市模型的建模、表示和管理方面的隐私和安全相关领域的保护，本研究项目开发并应用了地图抽象和模糊处理技术。目标之一是将已知的隐私措施从用于处理个人数据的数据库管理系统领域转换到3D城市模型领域，而不通过上述过滤来限制它们的使用。简化、聚合、符号化、类型化等制图操作应作为基本工具，如果证明有必要，应(进一步)向基于几何和图像的3D建筑模型转换发展。除了受影响的个人和设施的隐私要求外，在选择和配置抽象和混淆级别时，还应考虑用户的上下文、位置和授权级别、建筑物和区域的语义以及时间方面。为了化解不可避免的空间隐私冲突，研究了基于几何和图像的冲突解决策略以及融合和渲染技术。研究项目的结果将导致确定空间数据库的抽象数据类型和概念，以便将开发的抽象和模糊技术纳入CityGML三维城市模型标准和OGC网络服务。

项目成果

Handbuch der Geodäsie

大地测量学手册

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-46900-2
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Springer Reference Naturwissenschaften

Automatic Generation of Photorealistic Image Fillers for Privacy Enabled Urban Basemaps using Generative Adversarial Networks

使用生成对抗网络自动生成照片级真实感图像填充物，用于启用隐私的城市底图

• DOI: 10.5194/ica-adv-1-1-2019
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Advances in Cartography and GIScience of the ICA
• 作者: mgad Agoub;Yevgeniya Filippovska;Valentina Schmidt; Martin Kada
• 通讯作者: Martin Kada

ANIMATION STRATEGIES FOR SMOOTH TRANSFORMATIONS BETWEEN DISCRETE LODS OF 3D BUILDING MODELS

3D 建筑模型离散 LODS 之间平滑转换的动画策略

• DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-413-2016
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
• 作者: Wichmann;Filippovska;Hermes
• 通讯作者: Hermes

A Data Model for the Interactive Construction and Correction of 3D Building Geometry Based on Planar Half-Spaces

基于平面半空间的3D建筑几何交互构建与修正的数据模型

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-25691-7_26
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Wichmann;Manzke;Filippovska
• 通讯作者: Filippovska

SPACE PARTITIONING FOR PRIVACY ENABLED 3D CITY MODELS

• DOI: 10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w2-17-2016
• 发表时间: 2016-10
• 期刊: ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
• 作者: Yevgeniya Filippovska;Andreas Wichmann;M. Kada