SBP: CAREER: Mechanistic Dehumanization of Asians: Identifying Causes, Consequences, and Countermeasures for a More Inclusive STEM Workforce

SBP：职业：亚洲人的机械性非人化：找出原因、后果和对策，打造更具包容性的 STEM 劳动力

• 批准号: 2237461
• 负责人: Franki Kung
• 金额: $ 93.7万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2237461&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBP; CAREER; Mechanistic; Dehumanization; Asians

To build a more inclusive society, diverse members in our communities must be treated fairly and kindly. However, as evidenced by recent events (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic), Asian Americans and Asians in the U.S. face biases from lacking leadership opportunities, receiving little social acceptance and support, to experiencing racialized verbal and physical attacks. These biases occur even in places where Asians are well-represented such as STEM schools and workplaces. Past theory and research have documented several stereotypes that explain why biases against Asians can occur (e.g., being seen as foreign and high achieving). The current project expands on past work by exploring a unique contributor to biases against Asians based on interdisciplinary research on dehumanization. Specifically, it is proposed that Asians have historically been viewed in the U.S. as like machines or robotics, indicating that they are subject to “mechanistic dehumanization.” Integrating this dehumanization perspective with social and industrial-organizational psychology research, this project develops a theoretical model to explain how Asians in the U.S. are impacted by mechanistic dehumanization. It also documents the psychological processes that can contribute to potential interventions to encourage people to see the humanity in others.This project is organized around a set of qualitative (e.g., focus groups) and quantitative (e.g., surveys, experiments) studies to examine the causes, consequences, and countermeasures of mechanistic dehumanization of Asians in the context of STEM workplaces and educational settings. Asian communities in the U.S. are diverse, and this project focuses on East Asian, South Asian, and Southeast Asian (i.e., the major Asian subgroups in the U.S.) targets while including members of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds as participants. The project unpacks key subfactors of mechanistic dehumanization, such as perceived submissiveness and lack of emotions, and it develops an instrument to scientifically assess this concept. Using this measure, the project will systematically explore three objectives. First, it determines the extent to which mechanistic dehumanization can explain biases against Asians (e.g., lack of social support at school and at work). Second, it exposes the psychological processes explaining why mechanistic dehumanization may underlie these biases. Third, it uncovers causes (e.g., group and cultural differences) that make Asians in the U.S. more vulnerable to mechanistic dehumanization. The project also develops anti-dehumanization educational materials to increase awareness of these issues and to improve equity and inclusion in social, educational, and organizational contexts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

为了建立一个更具包容性的社会，我们社区中的不同成员必须得到公平和友善的对待。然而，正如最近的事件所证明的那样（例如，新冠肺炎（COVID-19）大流行），亚裔美国人和在美国的亚裔面临着缺乏领导机会、几乎得不到社会认可和支持，以及遭受种族化语言和身体攻击等偏见。这些偏见甚至发生在亚洲人占优势的地方，如STEM学校和工作场所。过去的理论和研究记录了几种刻板印象，解释了为什么会发生对亚洲人的偏见（例如，被视为外国和高成就）。目前的项目扩展了过去的工作，通过探索一个独特的贡献者对亚洲人的偏见的基础上跨学科的研究去人性化。具体来说，有人提出，亚洲人在美国历史上被视为像机器或机器人一样，这表明他们受到“机械非人化”的影响。将这种非人性化的观点与社会和工业组织心理学研究相结合，该项目开发了一个理论模型来解释美国的亚洲人如何受到机械非人性化的影响。它还记录了心理过程，可以有助于潜在的干预措施，以鼓励人们看到别人的人性。这个项目是围绕一套定性（例如，焦点小组）和定量（例如，调查，实验）研究，以研究在STEM工作场所和教育环境中亚洲人的机械非人性化的原因，后果和对策。美国的亚裔社区是多样化的，这个项目的重点是东亚，南亚和东南亚（即，美国的主要亚洲人群体）目标，同时包括不同种族和民族背景的成员作为参与者。该项目揭示了机械非人性化的关键子因素，如感知的顺从和缺乏情感，并开发了一种工具来科学地评估这一概念。利用这一措施，该项目将系统地探讨三个目标。首先，它确定了机械的非人化在多大程度上可以解释对亚洲人的偏见（例如，在学校和工作中缺乏社会支持）。其次，它揭示了解释为什么机械的非人性化可能是这些偏见的基础的心理过程。第三，它揭示了原因（例如，群体和文化差异），使美国的亚洲人更容易受到机械的非人化。该项目还开发反非人化教育材料，以提高对这些问题的认识，并改善社会，教育和组织环境中的公平和包容性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。