CAREER: Untangling Chaotic Electromagnetic Transient Phenomena in Power Systems Mixed with Volatile Inverter-Based Renewable Energy Resources

职业：解开与不稳定的基于逆变器的可再生能源混合的电力系统中的混沌电磁瞬态现象

• 批准号: 2237527
• 负责人: Paul Moses
• 金额: $ 50.03万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2028-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2237527&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Untangling; Chaotic; Electromagnetic; Transient

Energy infrastructure resilience is a high priority research area as highlighted by recent and wide-spread power grid disruptions in the United States. This CAREER proposal aims to advance the study of chaotic grid disturbances and their mitigation through a deeper understanding of their underlying physics and characteristics considering high volumes of renewable energy. A major technical barrier to achieving truly sustainable and reliable power grids of the 21st century are the unknown electromagnetic incompatibilities from combining renewable energy technologies with fundamentally archaic, yet vital infrastructural components such as transformers and rotating machinery. Solid-state power converters are an enabler for many green technologies such as wind and solar power. However, when their volatile operation becomes entangled with certain types of grid disturbances, complex and chaotic fault signatures are likely to undermine grid operations. The project will 1) pioneer new analytical tools to reveal overlooked disturbance signatures influenced by renewable energy activity, 2) develop advanced protection and grid stabilization techniques to mitigate the impacts of chaotic disturbances and 3) reinvigorate much needed STEM-oriented educational resources to stimulate participation of K-12 and minorities into electrical energy related fields. This CAREER proposal will focus on two types of destructive and chaotic disturbance phenomena that have periodically occurred but have not been studied in a renewable energy rich environment: ferroresonance and geomagnetically induced currents. The project will answer fundamental questions of (i) how chaotic electromagnetic disturbances change their signatures and damping mechanisms in a high converter-based renewable energy environment, (ii) how to determine new safe operating limits of critical network components such as electrical machines and transformers, (iii) what system protection improvements can be made to correctly detect and suppress disturbances, and (iv) what grid design modifications should be done to reduce disturbance severity and outage risks. The study will first develop novel numerical models and analytical tools to explore, characterize and predict these disturbances under the largely ignored influence of solid-state converter dynamics. Secondly, numerical results will be validated through a small-scale experimental hardware model of a representative power grid with solid-state converters. Thirdly, new system protection technologies will be prototyped for enhanced disturbance detection and suppression. Ultimately, this project is aimed at de-risking the integration of sustainable energy technologies to realize a more robust, resilient and self-healing energy infrastructure for greater economic prosperity, health and living standards for societyThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

能源基础设施弹性是一个高度优先的研究领域，最近美国大范围的电网中断突出了这一点。 该职业建议旨在通过更深入地了解其潜在的物理和特性，考虑到大量的可再生能源，推进混沌电网干扰及其缓解的研究。实现真正可持续和可靠的21世纪世纪电网的一个主要技术障碍是将可再生能源技术与基本上古老但至关重要的基础设施组件（如变压器和旋转机械）相结合所产生的未知电磁不兼容性。固态功率转换器是风能和太阳能等许多绿色技术的推动者。然而，当它们的不稳定运行与某些类型的电网干扰纠缠在一起时，复杂和混乱的故障特征可能会破坏电网运行。该项目将1）开创新的分析工具，以揭示受可再生能源活动影响的被忽视的干扰特征，2）开发先进的保护和电网稳定技术，以减轻混乱干扰的影响，3）重振急需的STEM教育资源，以刺激K-12和少数民族参与电力能源相关领域。这个职业生涯的建议将集中在两种类型的破坏性和混乱的干扰现象，周期性地发生，但尚未在可再生能源丰富的环境中进行研究：铁磁共振和地磁感应电流。该项目将回答以下基本问题：（i）混沌电磁干扰如何在基于高转换器的可再生能源环境中改变其签名和阻尼机制，（ii）如何确定关键网络组件（如电机和变压器）的新安全操作限制，（iii）可以进行哪些系统保护改进以正确检测和抑制干扰，及（iv）应作出何种电网设计修改以减少干扰严重程度及停电风险。这项研究将首先开发新的数值模型和分析工具，以探索，表征和预测这些干扰下，在很大程度上被忽视的固态转换器动态的影响。其次，数值结果将通过一个小规模的实验硬件模型的代表性电网与固态转换器进行验证。第三，新的系统保护技术将被原型化，以加强干扰检测和抑制。 最终，该项目旨在降低可持续能源技术集成的风险，以实现更强大，更有弹性和自我修复的能源基础设施，以实现更大的经济繁荣，健康和社会生活水平。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。