CAREER: Internet-wide censorship detection, diagnosis, and circumvention beyond nation-state censorship

职业：超越民族国家审查制度的互联网范围内的审查制度检测、诊断和规避

• 批准号: 2237552
• 负责人: Roya Ensafi
• 金额: $ 61.93万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2237552&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Internet; wide; censorship; detection

The number of democracies in the world has decreased recently for the first time since World War II. The newly authoritarian regimes engage heavily in Internet censorship, and private institutions, major platforms, and Internet service providers are following suit. These new threat actors far outnumber the large totalitarian states traditionally studied in censorship research and they operate differently, with different capabilities and limitations. This requires a new science of censorship detection, diagnosis, and circumvention. The project’s novelties are effective techniques and tools for combating censorship by the new, more nimble threat actors. The project’s broader significance and importance are to safeguard users and contribute to a more secure and democratic technology future by upholding Internet freedom and human rights.This project enhances global censorship observatories through the design and validation of new measurement methodologies that are suitable for detecting the blocking activities of governments and non-governmental actors alike. Moreover, the project introduces scalable techniques for detecting Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) middleboxes and tracking their use for censorship and provides accurate threat models for modern DPI capabilities by simulating an adversarial network in partnership with a mid-sized Internet Service Provider (ISP). Finally, the project investigates quantitative and qualitative factors behind circumvention tool (CT) adoption, such as technical, operational, and usability issues, and helps ensure that CTs meet users’ needs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自第二次世界大战以来，世界上首次提高了世界上的民主国家数量。新的专制政权在互联网审查中大量参与，私人机构，主要平台和互联网服务提供商都遵循。这些新的威胁行为者遥远的外界数字传统上是审查研究中的大型极权国家，并且他们的运作方式不同，具有不同的能力和局限性。这需要一门审查，诊断和规避的新科学。该项目的新颖性是与新的，更灵活的威胁参与者对抗审查制度的有效技术和工具。该项目的重要意义和重要性是通过维护互联网自由和人权来保护用户并为更安全和民主的技术未来做出贡献。该项目通过设计和验证新的测量方法来增强全球审查观察者，这些方法适合于检测政府和非政府参与者的阻塞活动。此外，该项目推出了可扩展的技术，用于检测深度数据包检查（DPI）中间箱并跟踪其用于审查的使用，并通过与中型互联网服务提供商（ISP）合作模拟对抗性网络，为现代DPI功能提供准确的威胁模型。最后，该项目调查了采用规避工具（CT）背后的定量和定性因素，例如技术，运营和可用性问题，并有助于确保CTS满足用户的需求。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的评估来审查的审查标准，这是通过评估来获得支持的。