CAREER: Tracking mantle carbon through the life cycle of Large Igneous Provinces

职业：在大型火成岩省的生命周期中追踪地幔碳

• 批准号: 2238441
• 负责人: Benjamin Black
• 金额: $ 54.6万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-15 至 2027-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2238441&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Tracking; mantle; carbon; through

Throughout Earth’s history, enormous volcanic eruptions known as Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) coincide with mass extinction and climate warming events. Tracking CO2 release from these eruptions is key to resolving links between magmatism and observed climatic changes. However, because CO2 tends to leak out of magmas, measuring CO2 from past eruptions is challenging. This CAREER award will investigate distinct LIP sources using carefully selected samples from three LIPs that may record past CO2 concentrations. The goal of this work is to clarify how, when, and why some LIP eruptions cause major disruptions in climate and life on Earth but others do not. New approaches will track CO2 deeper in the Earth, inform estimates of past climate, and help to project future climate change. The project uses peer mentoring in undergraduate course to integrate research, public engagement and teaching. The work also supports graduate and undergraduate student training at a public institution with a diverse student population. Part of the project includes collaboration with a film-maker to convey lessons from past climate disruptions through a new documentary and outreach at the New York Virtual Volcano Observatory. The film and outreach will make the experience of exploring a volcano accessible to thousands of visitors each summer. The two primary scientific objectives of this work are to find the most faithful records of magmatic CO2 in LIP magmas, and to control for different mantle sources to understand mantle carbon release through the life cycle of LIPs. Accordingly, this project frames a series of natural experiments that contrast: 1) different types of melt inclusion volatile and trace element records, and 2) samples from oceanic and continental LIPs that tap distinct and evolving mantle sources. These natural experiments will reveal the strengths and weaknesses of various petrologic archives of CO2 in basaltic magmas, including a range of melt inclusion host crystals and geochemical proxies for original CO2. The results will be used to test the hypothesis that it is the evolving mantle reservoirs tapped during LIP melting—rather than sedimentary country rocks as is commonly assumed—that determine the severity and pace of climatic warming and carbon cycle disruption in response to magmatism. If successful, this project will elucidate the volatile systematics of poorly understood reservoirs in the mantle including the continental mantle lithosphere, recycled material in plumes, and high 3He/4He primordial mantle—in the process demonstrating how the origins of LIPs in the mantle can set the blueprint for surface CO2 release and climate change.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

通过地球的历史，巨大的火山喷发被称为大火成岩省（嘴唇），与质量扩展和气候变暖事件一致。从这些喷发中跟踪二氧化碳释放是解决岩浆和观察到的碎屑变化之间联系的关键。但是，由于二氧化碳倾向于从岩浆中泄漏出来，因此从过去的喷发中测量二氧化碳是挑战。该职业奖将使用从三个嘴唇中精心挑选的样品进行调查，这些样本可能会记录过去的二氧化碳浓度。这项工作的目的是阐明如何，何时以及为什么有些唇爆发会导致地球上的气候和生命重大破坏，而其他人则不会。新方法将在地球上更深入地跟踪二氧化碳，告知过去气候的估计，并有助于预测未来的气候变化。该项目在本科课程中使用同伴心理来整合研究，公众参与和教学。这项工作还支持具有不同学生人数的公共机构的毕业生和本科生培训。该项目的一部分包括与电影制片人合作，通过在纽约虚拟火山天文台的新纪录片和宣传来传达过去气候中断的课程。这部电影和宣传将使每年夏天有成千上万的游客探索一座火山的体验。这项工作的两个主要科学目标是找到唇岩层中最忠实的岩浆二氧化碳记录，并控制不同的地幔源以通过嘴唇的生命周期来了解地幔碳的释放。据此，该项目将一系列自然实验形成对比：1）不同类型的熔体包容性挥发性和痕量元素记录，以及2）来自海洋和连续的嘴唇的样品，这些样本敲击着明显和不断发展的地幔来源。这些自然实验将揭示玄武岩岩浆中二氧化碳档案的优点和劣势，包括一系列熔体包容宿主晶体和原始二氧化碳的地球化学代理。结果将用于检验以下假设：在唇部融化过程中，它是在唇部融化过程中挖掘的不断发展的地幔储量（通常是假定的，它都比沉积物乡村岩石（如通常假定）确定了气候变暖和碳循环的严重性和空间，以响应岩浆作用。 If successful, this project will elucidate the volatile systematics of poorly understood reservoirs in the mantle including the continuous mantle lithosphere, recycled material in plumes, and high 3He/4He primordial mantle—in the process demonstrating how the origins of LIPs in the mantle can set the blueprint for surface CO2 release and climate change.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来支持。

项目成果

Limited sulfur degassing and muted environmental impact of Ontong Java Plateau lavas

翁通爪哇高原熔岩的硫脱气有限且环境影响较小

• DOI: 10.1130/g51283.1
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Geology
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Eguchi, James;Ding, Shuo;Black, Benjamin A.
• 通讯作者: Black, Benjamin A.