Snuff It Out: Extinguishing the Disparity of Access to Shelters for Disadvantaged Communities in Wildfire-Prone Areas

消灭它：消除山火多发地区弱势社区获得庇护所的不平等

• 批准号: 2242647
• 负责人: Alireza Ermagun
• 金额: $ 39.74万
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-11-01 至 2026-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2242647&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Snuff; Out; Extinguishing; Disparity; Access

Wildfires can have detrimental effects on the safety, economy, and well-being of affected communities with the risk borne disproportionately by disadvantaged communities. A critical factor that can prevent wildfires from turning into a human disaster is “access,” which refers to the ease of reaching shelters and is the product of both mobility and location of shelters. Despite its crucial importance, the state-of-the-art solutions and practices currently lack a systematic framework that determines access during wildfire events while incorporating equity considerations. The overarching goal of this Disaster Resilience Research Grant (DRRG) project is to incorporate equity into wildfire preparedness strategies and minimize the equity of access gap to resources between disadvantaged and advantaged communities. The adverse effects of wildfires can be mitigated if a community understands its existing vulnerabilities and adapts strategic preparedness plans before a disaster to build resilience. Wildfire preparedness strategies, however, must be formulated and implemented through the lens of equity and justice. For example, for residents who do not have access to transportation, a simple task like locating and driving to an American Red Cross shelter is not feasible.This Disaster Resilience Research Grant project develops a science-informed community-based solution for disadvantaged communities to augment equity discrepancies and community resilience to the devasting impacts of the ongoing challenge for residents of wildfire-prone areas. It fulfills three objectives: (i) it quantifies disparities in shelter access between disadvantaged and advantaged communities, (ii) it optimizes access-related equity through short- and long-term wildfire preparedness strategies, and (iii) it develops a science-based community-centered interactive strategic planning platform for public officials and community members. This is exercised in close collaboration with our community partners in Lake County, California, where 60% of the land has burned between 2015 and 2020, possesses key characteristics of an at-risk community, and is home to a significant population of underserved residents, including indigenous people. The potential benefit to society from the researched project is improving the resilience of disadvantaged communities and equipping the community, emergency management, and emergency responders with the knowledge and science-based tools required to make informed decisions and decrease the escapable repercussions on disadvantaged communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

野火可能对受影响社区的安全、经济和福祉产生不利影响，弱势社区承担的风险不成比例。能够防止野火演变成人类灾难的一个关键因素是“进入”，这是指到达避难所的容易程度，是避难所的流动性和位置的产物。尽管其至关重要，但最先进的解决方案和做法目前缺乏一个系统的框架，在野火事件期间确定准入，同时纳入公平考虑。这个抗灾能力研究补助金（DRRG）项目的总体目标是将公平纳入野火准备战略，并尽量减少弱势群体和弱势群体之间获得资源的公平差距。如果一个社区了解其现有的脆弱性，并在灾害发生前调整战略准备计划，以建立复原力，野火的不利影响就可以减轻。但是，必须从公平和正义的透镜来制定和执行野火防备战略。例如，对于没有交通工具的居民来说，定位并开车前往美国红十字会避难所这样简单的任务是不可行的。这个灾难恢复力研究资助项目为弱势社区开发了一个基于科学的社区解决方案，以增加公平差异和社区恢复力，以应对野火多发地区居民面临的持续挑战的破坏性影响。它实现了三个目标：（i）它量化了处境不利社区和弱势社区在获得住房方面的差距，（ii）它通过短期和长期野火防备战略优化了与获得住房有关的公平，（iii）它为政府官员和社区成员开发了一个以科学为基础的以社区为中心的互动战略规划平台。这是与我们在加州莱克县的社区合作伙伴密切合作进行的，该地区60%的土地在2015年至2020年间被烧毁，具有风险社区的关键特征，并且是包括土著居民在内的大量服务不足居民的家园。研究项目对社会的潜在好处是提高弱势社区的复原力，并为社区、应急管理、和紧急救援人员的知识和科学-该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识产权进行评估来支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。