Postdoctoral Fellowship: EAR-PF: Reconstructing the role of beavers in driving Holocene landscape evolution and resilience in the Sierra Nevada range, California

博士后奖学金:EAR-PF:重建河狸在推动加州内华达山脉全新世景观演化和恢复力方面的作用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2305572
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 18万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2024-01-01 至 2025-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Dr. D. Nevé Baker has been awarded an NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out research and professional development activities under the mentorship of Dr. Emily Fairfax at the University of Minnesota and Dr. Ellen Wohl at Colorado State University. Environmental engineering by beavers can profoundly alter a local landscape and provide resilience to drought and wildfire, which are of increasing concern in California. There is recent interest in beaver reintroduction as a low-cost method to restore degraded watersheds and buffer the local effects of climate change, however little is known about the historical distribution of beavers and their impact on the landscape over long time scales. This project aims to fill this gap by investigating the interaction between beavers, vegetation, and sedimentation over the last 12 thousand years in the Sierra Nevada mountain range. The study employs a combination of sedimentary analyses and DNA of plants and animals isolated from ancient sediments (sedaDNA) to understand how beaver engineering contributed to landscape evolution, ecosystem characteristics, and environmental resilience over century to millennial timescales. The results of this study will provide a critical basis for restoring beavers to California and validate a useful sedaDNA tool for identifying the past presence of beavers. This project will provide critical data for managers and policy makers interested in restoring beavers to California and validate a useful sedaDNA tool for identifying the past presence of beavers that can be widely applied for future restoration efforts. Furthermore, this project will broaden participation in the Earth sciences by providing field and lab work opportunities for undergraduate students from backgrounds historically excluded from the geosciences. The natural appeal of beavers as a charismatic megafauna and their wide-ranging environmental effects will provide an excellent framework for engagement of K-12 students and the general public to learn about ecological and geomorphological interactions. Baker will collaborate with the University of Minnesota SciSpark Scholars program to develop a hands-on learning module on beavers in the environment for young learners, conduct bioblitzes at beaver pond sites for public engagement, and share her research through public presentations.The goal of this project is to apply sedaDNA and sedimentary analyses to understand the role of beavers as drivers of coupled ecological and geomorphic processes across the Holocene in the Sierra Nevada mountains in California. This research will analyze catchment lake cores over the last 12 ka in order to test the central hypothesis that continuous environmental engineering by beavers over hundreds to thousands of years created characteristic ecogeomorphic stable states within watersheds in the Sierra Nevada that were resilient to environmental disturbance. This study will provide direct evidence of past presence of beavers without relying on physical remains, allowing for the investigation of how beavers contributed to geomorphic dynamics and landscape resilience. By coupling sedimentary analyses with vegetation data (via sedaDNA), the study will investigate the effects of beaver engineering both directly and indirectly through their role in structuring the ecological community, providing a comprehensive picture of how beaver-engineered landscapes may have evolved over thousands of years. The results of this project will contribute to a fundamental understanding of Holocene landscape dynamics and provide timely evidence of how beavers may help buffer the effects of drought and wildfire, informing future restoration efforts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
D.NevéBaker博士被授予NSF地球科学博士后奖学金,在明尼苏达大学的Emily Fairfax博士和科罗拉多州立大学的Ellen Wohl博士的指导下开展研究和专业发展活动。海狸的环境工程可以深刻地改变当地的景观,并提供对干旱和野火的韧性,这在加利福尼亚州越来越受到关注。最近,人们对重新引入海狸作为一种低成本的方法感兴趣,以恢复退化的流域并缓冲气候变化的局部影响,但对海狸的历史分布及其在长时间尺度上对景观的影响知之甚少。该项目旨在通过调查过去12000年来内华达山脉海狸、植被和沉积物之间的相互作用来填补这一空白。这项研究结合了沉积分析和从古代沉积物中分离出的动植物的DNA(SedaDNA),以了解海狸工程如何在一个世纪到千年的时间尺度上对景观演变、生态系统特征和环境弹性做出贡献。这项研究的结果将为将海狸恢复到加州提供关键的基础,并验证一种有用的sedaDNA工具,用于识别海狸过去的存在。该项目将为有兴趣将海狸恢复到加州的管理者和政策制定者提供关键数据,并验证一种有用的sedaDNA工具,用于识别海狸过去的存在,可广泛应用于未来的恢复工作。此外,该项目将通过为来自历史上被地球科学排除在外的本科生提供实地和实验室工作机会,扩大对地球科学的参与。海狸作为一种极具魅力的大型动物的自然吸引力及其对环境的广泛影响,将为K-12学生和普通公众提供一个极好的框架,让他们了解生态和地貌的相互作用。贝克将与明尼苏达大学珊瑚礁学者项目合作,为年轻学习者开发一个关于环境中的海狸的动手学习模块,在海狸池塘进行生物区划,供公众参与,并通过公共演讲分享她的研究。该项目的目标是应用sedaDNA和沉积分析来了解海狸作为加州内华达山脉全新世生态和地貌耦合过程的驱动力所起的作用。这项研究将分析过去12 ka的集水区湖心,以检验中心假设,即数百至数千年来海狸持续的环境工程在内华达山脉的分水岭内创造了独特的生态地貌稳定状态,对环境干扰具有弹性。这项研究将提供海狸过去存在的直接证据,而不依赖于物理遗骸,从而能够调查海狸如何对地貌动态和景观弹性做出贡献。通过结合沉积分析和植被数据(通过sedaDNA),这项研究将通过海狸工程在构建生态群落中的作用,直接和间接地调查海狸工程的影响,提供海狸工程景观可能数千年来演变的综合图景。该项目的结果将有助于对全新世景观动态的基本了解,并为海狸如何帮助缓冲干旱和野火的影响提供及时的证据,为未来的恢复工作提供信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

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Dorothy Baker的其他文献

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