Kinetically Activated Subsurface Micribial Sampler (KASMS)
动力激活地下微生物采样器 (KASMS)
基本信息
- 批准号:2306193
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 28.98万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2022-10-01 至 2023-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Earthquakes and their after shocks generate energy in the form of seismic waves, heat, strain, fractured rock and chemical reactions producing hydrogen gas. Can the repeated energy pulses from seismic activity stimulate subsurface life that generates methane and acetic acid? Does this microbial activity impact the frequency and distribution of after shocks? In 2017 the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP) supported DSeis (Drilling into Seismogenic Zones) project will examine a previously unknown fault zone responsible for the 2014 5.5-magnitude Orkney earthquake, South Africa's largest earthquake in over 50 years. At a depth of 3 km in the bottom of Moab Khotsong gold mine, geophysicists and geomicrobiologists will join forces to drill down an additional 600 meters into this still-active fault zone, analyze core samples, install seismic instruments and deploy a Kinetically Activated Subsurface Microbial Sampler (KASMS). KASMS is a novel, portable, autonomous fluid sampling and preservation device that will be triggered by seismic events along the fault zone. The data from this study will significantly advance our understanding of the type of earthquakes that are associated with ultra-deep mining, hydrofracking and fracking brine injections and thus better inform safety and environmental regulations. The high-resolution temporal data will provide the first picture of how subsurface microbial communities respond to environmental stimuli, such as hydrogen gas pulses. If a substantial biomass enhancement is found within the fault zone, then similar ancient fault zones exposed on the surface of Mars may be selected for the Mars 2020 rover mission, the first step in the Mars Sample Return mission series. With the involvement of geophysics, geology, rock mechanics, and geomicrobiology students from Japan, South Africa, Switzerland, Israel, Germany, India, Australia and the United States, DSeis and this project will stimulate cross-disciplinary international STEM education. Through videos of the coring and sampling activity and of the installation and operation of KASMS, and downhole videos of the borehole, DSeis and this project will relate to the public how science is conducted in one of the most extreme environments on the planet and what subsurface life says about the origin and evolution of life on Earth and possibly other planets. This two-year project will design, construct and deploy KASMS, the first fully automated sampling device for geochemical and microbiological studies. KASMS is comprised of a borehole-deployed U-tube fluid sampling system and a discrete sensor array for monitoring the wellbore environment. KASMS will also contain two osmo-samplers combined with mineral coupons to collect biofilms within the fault zone. Unique to the KASMS system is the capability to autonomously respond to seismic events and capture a time progression of fluid samples. These samples will be analyzed for aqueous geochemistry, dissolved gas concentrations and isotopic values, and they will be subsampled using two types of filters with preservatives, one for SEM/TEM microscopy and the other for metagenomic/metatranscriptomic/metaproteomic analyses. During the year that KASMS is deployed at Moab Khotsong gold mine, experiments will be performed with positive and negative controls: samples collected before and after small magnitude seismic events within the fault zone, before, during and after mine detonations, during mining holidays when the mine is inactive and before, during and after the injection of hydrogen and methane gas. After one year KASMS will be retrieved and returned to Princeton University, where it will be available for deployment to other subsurface microbiology sites.
地震及其余震以地震波、热、应变、断裂岩石和产生氢气的化学反应的形式产生能量。来自地震活动的重复能量脉冲能否刺激产生甲烷和乙酸的地下生命?这种微生物活动是否会影响余震的频率和分布?2017年,国际大陆钻探计划(ICDP)支持的DSeis(钻探地震带)项目将检查一个以前未知的断层带,该断层带是2014年奥克尼5.5级地震的罪魁祸首,这是南非50多年来最大的地震。在Moab Khotsong金矿底部3公里的深度,地质学家和地质微生物学家将联手向这个仍然活跃的断层带再钻600米,分析岩心样本,安装地震仪器并部署动态激活地下微生物采样器(KASMS)。KASMS是一种新型的、便携式的、自主的流体采样和保存设备,其将由沿着断层带的地震事件触发。这项研究的数据将大大提高我们对与超深采矿,水力压裂和水力压裂盐水注入相关的地震类型的理解,从而更好地为安全和环境法规提供信息。高分辨率的时间数据将提供地下微生物群落如何响应环境刺激(如氢气脉冲)的第一张图片。如果在断层带内发现大量的生物量增加,那么暴露在火星表面的类似的古老断层带可能会被选择用于火星2020年探测器使命,这是火星样品返回使命系列的第一步。在来自日本、南非、瑞士、以色列、德国、印度、澳大利亚和美国的地球物理学、地质学、岩石力学和地球微生物学学生的参与下,DSeis和该项目将促进跨学科的国际STEM教育。通过取芯和采样活动以及KASMS安装和操作的视频,以及钻孔的井下视频,DSeis和该项目将向公众介绍科学如何在地球上最极端的环境之一进行,以及地下生命对地球和其他行星上生命的起源和进化的看法。这个为期两年的项目将设计,建造和部署KASMS,这是第一个用于地球化学和微生物研究的全自动采样设备。KASMS由一个部署在井眼的U型管流体采样系统和一个用于监测井眼环境的离散传感器阵列组成。KASMS还将包含两个与矿物试样相结合的生物膜取样器,以收集断层带内的生物膜。KASMS系统的独特之处在于能够自主响应地震事件并捕获流体样本的时间进程。将对这些样品进行含水地球化学、溶解气体浓度和同位素值分析,并使用两种含防腐剂的过滤器进行二次采样,一种用于SEM/TEM显微镜检查,另一种用于宏基因组/元转录组/元蛋白组分析。在Moab Khotsong金矿部署KASMS的一年中,将用阳性和阴性对照进行实验:在断层带内发生小规模地震事件之前和之后,在矿井爆炸之前、期间和之后,在矿井闲置的采矿假期期间,以及在注入氢气和甲烷气体之前、期间和之后收集样本。一年后,KASMS将被收回并返回普林斯顿大学,在那里它将可用于部署到其他地下微生物学站点。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Eric Boyd其他文献
Biomining metals from pyritic ores: physiological, biochemical, and biophysical considerations
- DOI:
10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.1269 - 发表时间:
2022-02-11 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Eric Boyd;Devon Payne;Eric Shepard;Rachel Spietz;Yisong Guo;William Broderick;Joan Broderick - 通讯作者:
Joan Broderick
Disparities in the surgical treatment of loco-regional endometrial carcinoma (2120)
局部区域子宫内膜癌手术治疗的差异(2120)
- DOI:
10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.06.245 - 发表时间:
2023-09-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.100
- 作者:
Erica Huelsmann;Michael Halpern;Sarah Ackroyd;Amaranta Craig;Karen Houck;Eric Boyd;Enrique Hernandez - 通讯作者:
Enrique Hernandez
Mining heritage gone wrong: A study of disappointed tourists at China’s national mine parks
矿业遗产出了问题:对中国国家矿山公园失望游客的研究
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
M. Gillette;Eric Boyd - 通讯作者:
Eric Boyd
Multistate oral carcinogenesis—A prospective cohort study and a parallel case-control study in Taiwan
多州口腔癌发生——台湾的一项前瞻性队列研究和一项平行病例对照研究
- DOI:
10.1016/j.oraloncology.2025.107210 - 发表时间:
2025-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.900
- 作者:
Cheng-Ping Wang;Kelly J. Yu;Tseng-Cheng Chen;Ming-shui Tsai;Chung-Jan Kang;Chi-Yen Chien;Eric A. Engels;Chun-Hung Hua;Wan-Lun Hsu;Yih-Leong Chang;Sanford M. Dawsey;Nicolas Wentzensen;Jianxin Shi;Fangya Mao;Li C. Cheung;Hormuzd A. Katki;Eric Boyd;Chen-Tu Wu;J.Silvio Gutkind;Alfredo Molinolo;Anil K. Chaturvedi - 通讯作者:
Anil K. Chaturvedi
Memorialisation and its denial: slow resistance through derealisation in Kiruna, Sweden
纪念及其否认:瑞典基律纳通过现实解体进行缓慢抵抗
- DOI:
10.1080/2158379x.2023.2251110 - 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.1
- 作者:
Eric Boyd - 通讯作者:
Eric Boyd
Eric Boyd的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Eric Boyd', 18)}}的其他基金
CC* Integration: NetBASILISK: NETwork Border At Scale Integrating and Leveraging Individual Security Components
CC* 集成:NetBASILISK:大规模网络边界集成和利用各个安全组件
- 批准号:
1925476 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Investigating Geobiological Feedbacks During the Evolution of Acidophilic Microorganisms
研究嗜酸微生物进化过程中的地球生物学反馈
- 批准号:
1820658 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Kinetically Activated Subsurface Micribial Sampler (KASMS)
动力激活地下微生物采样器 (KASMS)
- 批准号:
1739151 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Combining Methods from Geochemistry and Molecular Biology to Predict the Functions of Microbial Communities
合作研究:结合地球化学和分子生物学的方法来预测微生物群落的功能
- 批准号:
1123689 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
IRNC: SP: Dynamic Gateway for International Research (DyGIR)
IRNC:SP:国际研究动态门户 (DyGIR)
- 批准号:
0962705 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
IRNC: SP: International Research Instrumentation System (IRIS)
IRNC:SP:国际研究仪器系统(IRIS)
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0962704 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Workshop for perfSONAR Community Engagement
perfSONAR 社区参与研讨会
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1019008 - 财政年份:2010
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$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
MRI-R2 Consortium: Development of Dynamic Network System (DYNES)
MRI-R2联盟:动态网络系统(DYNES)的开发
- 批准号:
0958998 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 28.98万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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