Evaluating Long Term Population Continuity Through Radiocarbon Dating

这个项目解决的问题是如何和为什么圣劳伦斯易洛魁人从一个河谷消失在早期殖民时期。在16世纪末和17世纪初，易洛魁人迁离了山谷，放弃了所有的永久定居点。该项目开发了一个高分辨率的放射性碳年代学，以确定这种人口流动的时间和方向。目前缺乏时间分辨率阻止了对16世纪战争，欧洲入侵，疾病和气候变化的影响的适当理解-这是一个关键时期，包括土著联盟的形成和最初的欧洲殖民化。该项目包括来自休伦-温达特民族局杜Nionwentsïo（监督文化，领土和国家遗产），格鲁吉亚大学，康奈尔大学和蒙特利尔大学的研究人员。该项目明确旨在推进土著主导的研究议程，并为知识的共同生产及其传播提供一个模式。该项目通过集中易洛魁人的长期存在来打击土著人的消失。它阐明了第一民族人民在十六世纪的有意行动和决定。放射性碳测年、木炭鉴定和大型放射性碳测年的统计建模的尖端方法对该团队的方法至关重要。从现有的收藏品中仔细选择样本，并在现代加速器质谱法放射性碳测年中使用小样本，最大限度地提高了考古记录的效用，同时对该记录的影响最小。该项目利用方法创新来克服放射性碳校准曲线中的挑战，该曲线是研究人员以前NSF资助的研究的一部分，并利用了最近一千年14 C校准曲线的更大改进。为格鲁吉亚大学的本科生和研究生提供培训机会。将产生一个参考资料集，用于树木年代学课程，并可用于今后的研究。该项目所采用的方法为其他地区的研究人员提供了一个模型，用于开发高分辨率的时间框架，以探索全球历史中的关键事件。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

This project addresses the question of how and why St. Lawrence Iroquoian peoples disappeared from one river valley in the early colonial period. In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries AD Iroquois relocated away from the valley, abandoning all permanent settlements. This project develops a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology to determine the timing and directionality of this population movement. The current lack of chronological resolution prevents appropriate understanding of the effects of warfare, European encroachment, disease, and climatic change during the sixteenth century—a critical period which encompasses the formation of Indigenous confederacies and initial European colonization. The project includes researchers from the Huron-Wendat Nation Bureau du Nionwentsïo (overseeing culture, territory, and heritage for the Nation), the University of Georgia, Cornell University, and the University of Montreal. The project is explicitly designed to advance Indigenous-led research agendas and provide a model for the co-production of knowledge and its dissemination.This project combats Indigenous erasure by centering the long-term presence of Iroquoian peoples. It illuminates the intentional actions and decisions made by First Nations peoples during the sixteenth century. Cutting-edge approaches to radiocarbon dating, charcoal identification, and statistical modelling of large suites of radiocarbon dates are critical to the team’s approach. Careful sample selection from existing collections and use of small samples in modern accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating maximizes the utility of the archaeological record while causing minimal impacts to that record. The project leverages methodological innovations for overcoming challenges in the radiocarbon calibration curve developed as part of the investigators previous NSF-funded research and takes advantage of recent greater refinement in the 14C calibration curve for the last millennium. Training opportunities are provided for undergraduate and graduate students at the University of Georgia. A reference collection will be generated that will be used in courses on dendrochronology and that can be used for future research. The methods employed by this project serve as a model for researchers working in other regions for developing high-resolution timeframes to explore critical events in global history.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.