Evaluating Long Term Population Continuity Through Radiocarbon Dating

通过放射性碳测年评估长期人口连续性

• 批准号: 2314153
• 负责人: Jennifer Birch
• 金额: $ 36.57万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2314153&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evaluating; Long; Term; Population; Continuity

This project addresses the question of how and why St. Lawrence Iroquoian peoples disappeared from one river valley in the early colonial period. In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries AD Iroquois relocated away from the valley, abandoning all permanent settlements. This project develops a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology to determine the timing and directionality of this population movement. The current lack of chronological resolution prevents appropriate understanding of the effects of warfare, European encroachment, disease, and climatic change during the sixteenth century—a critical period which encompasses the formation of Indigenous confederacies and initial European colonization. The project includes researchers from the Huron-Wendat Nation Bureau du Nionwentsïo (overseeing culture, territory, and heritage for the Nation), the University of Georgia, Cornell University, and the University of Montreal. The project is explicitly designed to advance Indigenous-led research agendas and provide a model for the co-production of knowledge and its dissemination.This project combats Indigenous erasure by centering the long-term presence of Iroquoian peoples. It illuminates the intentional actions and decisions made by First Nations peoples during the sixteenth century. Cutting-edge approaches to radiocarbon dating, charcoal identification, and statistical modelling of large suites of radiocarbon dates are critical to the team’s approach. Careful sample selection from existing collections and use of small samples in modern accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating maximizes the utility of the archaeological record while causing minimal impacts to that record. The project leverages methodological innovations for overcoming challenges in the radiocarbon calibration curve developed as part of the investigators previous NSF-funded research and takes advantage of recent greater refinement in the 14C calibration curve for the last millennium. Training opportunities are provided for undergraduate and graduate students at the University of Georgia. A reference collection will be generated that will be used in courses on dendrochronology and that can be used for future research. The methods employed by this project serve as a model for researchers working in other regions for developing high-resolution timeframes to explore critical events in global history.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目解决的问题是，圣劳伦斯易洛魁人是如何以及为什么在殖民时期早期从一个河谷消失的。公元16世纪末和17世纪初，易洛魁人迁离山谷，放弃了所有永久定居点。该项目开发了高分辨率的放射性碳年表，以确定这一人口迁移的时间和方向性。目前缺乏时间顺序的解决方案，阻碍了对16世纪期间战争、欧洲入侵、疾病和气候变化的影响的适当理解--16世纪是一个关键时期，包括土著邦联的形成和最初的欧洲殖民。该项目包括来自休伦-温达特民族局(监管国家的文化、领土和遗产)、佐治亚大学、康奈尔大学和蒙特利尔大学的研究人员。该项目明确旨在推进土著领导的研究议程，并为共同生产和传播知识提供一个模式。该项目以易洛魁人的长期存在为中心，与土著抹杀作斗争。它阐明了原住民在16世纪期间的故意行动和决定。放射性碳测年、木炭鉴定和大型放射性碳测年统计模型的尖端方法对该团队的方法至关重要。从现有收藏品中仔细挑选样本，并在现代加速器质谱仪放射性碳测年中使用小样本，最大限度地提高了考古记录的效用，同时对该记录造成的影响最小。该项目利用方法学创新来克服作为调查人员先前由国家科学基金会资助的研究的一部分而开发的放射性碳校准曲线中的挑战，并利用最近对上个千年的14C校准曲线进行的更大的改进。格鲁吉亚大学为本科生和研究生提供培训机会。将生成一个参考资料集，用于树状年代学课程，并可用于今后的研究。该项目所采用的方法为在其他地区工作的研究人员开发高分辨率时间表以探索全球历史上的关键事件提供了典范。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。