Doctoral Dissertation Research in Economics: Poverty Graduation and Business Coordination

经济学博士论文研究：贫困毕业与商业协调

• 批准号: 2315009
• 负责人: Andrew Foster
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2315009&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Economics; Poverty

This award will support research that uses field experiments (randomized controlled trial [RCT]) to understand how multiple overlapping constraints on the poor or near poor turn into a poverty trap. The research takes advantage of the roll-out of a large anti-poverty program to conduct this RCT. The research then investigates the mechanisms through which the widely used and most successful anti-poverty program---the graduation program---which offers recipients monthly cash support, training in entrepreneurship, mentorship, and one-time business startup takes effect. This research focuses on several outcomes stemming from the intervention. Unlike previous studies on graduation programs, this research further studies whether encouraging participants to start several microenterprises at the same time leads to overcrowding, thus leading to failure of these enterprises. In addition to direct effects of the treatment, the researchers will also study the spillover effects of the treatment. The researchers will collect data from program participants at regular short intervals on several outcomes that allows them to evaluate outcomes that are difficult to evaluate at the end of the study. The results of this study will help improve the design and implementation of anti-poverty programs and help establish the US as a global leader in poverty reduction policies. This research project leverages the roll-out of a large anti-poverty program to use a randomized control trial (RCT) method to study how multiple overlapping constraints can turn into a poverty trap and study the mechanisms behind the success of graduation programs for the ultra-poor. In addition to the direct effects, the researchers will investigate the indirect effects of the intervention as well as investigate whether encouraging graduates to start several microenterprises focusing on similar product or services in the same neighborhoods induces unnecessary competition and thus lead to failure and whether coordination help entrepreneurs diversity to achieve success. Thes questions are tested by exogenously changing the level of competition by randomly varying the number of treated households at the community level. An important aspect of this research is the high frequency data that will be collected that allows the researchers to track the dynamics of graduates’ decision making and success as well test a shock-based model of poverty traps. The results of this study will help improve the design and implementation of anti-poverty programs and help establish the US as a global leader in poverty reduction policies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项将支持使用现场实验（随机对照试验[RCT]）的研究，以了解对穷人或准穷人的多重重叠限制如何变成贫困陷阱。 这项研究利用了一个大型反贫困计划的推出来进行这项RCT。 本研究接着探讨广泛使用且最成功的扶贫计画-毕业计画-的机制，该计画提供受助人每月的现金补助、创业训练、指导及一次性创业。 本研究重点关注干预措施产生的几个结果。与以往关于毕业计划的研究不同，本研究进一步研究了鼓励参与者同时创办几家微型企业是否会导致过度拥挤，从而导致这些企业失败。 除了治疗的直接影响外，研究人员还将研究治疗的溢出效应。 研究人员将定期从项目参与者那里收集关于几个结果的数据，使他们能够评估在研究结束时难以评估的结果。 这项研究的结果将有助于改善反贫困计划的设计和实施，并帮助美国成为全球减贫政策的领导者。 该研究项目利用一个大型反贫困计划的推出，使用随机对照试验（RCT）方法来研究多重重叠的限制如何变成贫困陷阱，并研究极端贫困人口毕业计划成功背后的机制。除了直接影响外，研究人员还将调查干预的间接影响，并调查鼓励毕业生在同一社区开办几家专注于类似产品或服务的微型企业是否会引发不必要的竞争，从而导致失败，以及协调是否有助于企业家多元化以取得成功。 这些问题是通过随机改变社区一级被处理家庭的数量来外部改变竞争水平来测试的。这项研究的一个重要方面是将收集的高频数据，使研究人员能够跟踪毕业生决策和成功的动态，并测试基于冲击的贫困陷阱模型。 这项研究的结果将有助于改善反贫困计划的设计和实施，并帮助建立美国作为一个全球领导者在减贫政策。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得的支持，通过评估使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。