CAREER: Geospatial life cycle climate change impacts of solar and ocean renewable energy systems

职业：太阳能和海洋可再生能源系统的地理空间生命周期气候变化影响

• 批准号: 2316124
• 负责人: Marie-Odile Fortier
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: University of Nevada Las Vegas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2316124&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Geospatial; life; cycle; climate

Life cycle assessment (LCA) practices are used to determine the climate change impacts of energy systems. However, these assessments often miss key geographically specific factors, such as direct land use change (DLUC) impacts, albedo change as a non-greenhouse gas climate forcer, and geospatial data relevant to potential electricity generation. The overarching goal of this project is to systematically integrate these geospatial components in LCA of conventional and renewable energy systems to improve the accuracy of their “carbon footprints” at higher spatial resolutions, and to disseminate this methodology and its results to inform sustainable location-specific design, siting, and implementation decisions for the energy transition.The research objectives are to: (1) first update the baseline comparison to fossil fuels by including DLUC and albedo change impacts of their expansion in the US; (2) develop geospatial LCA models for selected solar and ocean renewable energy technologies and determine their life cycle climate change impacts on potentially available land and water in the US; and (3) adapt the geospatial LCA models to future conditions under climate change. Parametric LCA models of these energy system scenarios will be developed in open-source Python code, informed by publicly available GIS datasets, the physics of these technologies, and algorithms developed for flexibility to variable environmental conditions. In order for the methodology to be disseminated and used by energy stakeholders and future LCA practitioners, the education objectives are to: (1) design and share a course in geospatial LCA modeling; (2) develop and promote a workshop and website on these methods and their results for industry and policy stakeholders; and (3) provide a research group structure designed to recruit, train, and retain students from underrepresented backgrounds in sustainability engineering fields. This project will develop methodology for determining life cycle climate change impacts of energy technologies that is more precise than previously used methods in LCA. The results will be statistically compared against non-geographically-specific LCA results of the same modeled technologies and against the impacts of fossil fuels to determine the significance of incorporating geospatial components in energy system LCAs. The developed geospatial LCA methods can also be utilized in LCA of other systems beyond energy technologies, such as mining, and can be used for energy system planning.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生命周期评估（LCA）实践用于确定能量系统的气候变化影响。但是，这些评估通常会错过关键的地理特定因素，例如直接土地利用变化（DLUC）影响，反照率变化为非绿屋气体气候力量以及与潜在发电相关的地理空间数据。该项目的总体目标是在常规和可再生能源系统的LCA中系统地整合这些地理空间成分，以提高其“碳足迹”在更高的空间分辨率下的准确性，并将这种方法及其结果传播，以便将可持续的特定位置设计，坐姿和实施式验证供应基础，以对目标进行过多范围。通过包括其在美国扩张的影响和反照率变化的影响； （2）为选定的太阳能和可再生能源技术开发地理空间LCA模型，并确定其生命周期气候变化对美国潜在可用土地和水的影响； （3）将地理空间LCA模型适应气候变化下的未来条件。这些能源系统方案的参数LCA模型将以开源Python代码开发，该代码由公开可用的GIS数据集，这些技术的物理学以及为可变环境条件的灵活性而开发的算法。为了使能源利益相关者和未来LCA从业人员进行传播和使用该方法，教育目标是：（1）设计和共享地理空间LCA建模课程； （2）开发和推广有关这些方法及其对行业和政策利益相关者的结果的研讨会和网站； （3）提供了一个研究小组结构，旨在招募，培训和留住来自可持续发展工程领域代表性不足的学生。该项目将开发方法来确定生命周期气候变化的影响能量技术的影响，这比LCA中先前使用的方法更精确。该结果将在统计上与同一建模技术的非地理特异性LCA结果进行统计比较，并与化石燃料的影响确定在能源系统LCA中纳入地理空间成分的重要性。开发的地理空间LCA方法也可以在能源技术以外的其他系统的LCA中使用，例如采矿，可用于能源系统规划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响标准通过评估来评估的支持。