Maximizing geospatial methods to understand emotional processes in Stress-Related Drinking Risk

摘要 消极情绪（NA）和难以调节这种情绪（ER）是决定性因素。 饮酒风险实验数据表明，酒精提示增强NA效应， 损害ER能力，进一步导致饮酒脆弱性。然而，这些研究 仅限于实验室，缺乏生态有效性。没有研究调查影响和 ER，因为它们发生在日常生活中，在真实的时间和真实的设置。这是一个重要的差距， 知识基础，作为对环境状况如何影响 与饮酒有关的情感过程可以为干预提供信息。地理空间信息 技术可以增强对日常生活酒精线索环境的了解。这包括 环境的两个关键维度：瞬时环境线索影响（即酒精 一个人在经历NA时所暴露的环境），以及 影响（即，在酒精提示环境中随时间的典型运动模式）。 在这个应用程序中，我们提出了一个细粒度的检查如何酒精提示 环境使日常生活中的情感、ER和饮酒风险情境化。我们的社区样本 （N=220）将完成基线评估和14天EMA方案，以检查如何 环境中的酒精提示可能会影响NA和调节NA的努力。利用时间- 盖章的地理位置数据和每日EMA报告，环境影响将在 无论是瞬时的（即，NA发生时的上下文），以及聚集（即， 与环境相互作用的典型模式）水平。 GPS、EMA自我报告和访谈数据将一起用于描述环境 影响，GPS/EMA自我报告将用于在时间上联系NA（目标1a，1b）和ER (Aim 2a，2b）酒精提示环境，并检查这些因素如何导致认知 (urge饮酒）和行为（饮酒，饮酒）饮酒风险实时。的在试探性 通过分析，我们将研究NA X ER X环境（目标2c）的交互作用。因为 一个长期目标是利用这些数据为干预措施的制定提供信息，在目标3中， 选定的样本子集（n=30）将收到关于情感相关的个性化反馈 在特定环境风险的背景下饮酒。另一组（n=30）将接受评估，但 没有反馈。两组均随访1个月以上。这项研究将是第一个 我们的知识，以审查的贡献，NA和ER饮酒风险的背景下，每天 生活环境。研究结果可以为更大规模的研究提供后续步骤，并可应用于 制定干预措施，在日常生活的背景下考虑个人。

ABSTRACT Negative affect (NA) and difficulty regulating this affect (ER) are key determinants of drinking risk. Experimental data have shown that alcohol cues augment NA effects and compromise ER capabilities, further contributing to drinking vulnerability. Yet, these studies have been limited to the lab, and lack ecological validity. No studies have examined affect and ER as they occur in daily life, in real time and in real settings. This is an important gap in the knowledge base, as an understanding of how environmental circumstances may influence the affective processes implicated in drinking could inform intervention. Geospatial information (GI) technology can enhance understanding of the daily life alcohol cue environment. This includes two key dimensions of the environment: momentary environmental cue influences (i.e. alcohol environments that a person is exposed to while experiencing NA), and aggregate environmental influences (i.e., typical patterns of movement within alcohol cue environments over time). In this application, we propose a fine-grained examination of how alcohol cue environments contextualize affect, ER, and drinking risk in daily life. Our community sample (N=220) will complete a baseline assessment, and a 14-day EMA protocol to examine how alcohol cues in the environment may contextualize NA and efforts to regulate NA. Using time- stamped geolocation data and daily EMA reports, environmental influences will be examined at both the momentary (i.e., the context at the time that NA is occurring), and aggregate (i.e., typical patterns of interaction with the environment) level across the 14-day assessment period. GPS, EMA self-report, and interview data will be used together to depict environmental influences, and GPS/EMA self-report will be used to temporally link NA (Aim 1a,1b) and ER (Aim 2a,2b) to alcohol cue environmental, and to examine how these factors lead to cognitive (urge to drink) and behavioral (alcohol seeking, drinking) drinking risk in real-time. In exploratory analyses, we will examine the interactive effects of NA X ER X Environment (Aim 2c). Because a long-term goal is to use these data to inform intervention development, in Aim 3, a randomly selected subset (n=30) of the sample will received personalized feedback about affect-related drinking in the context of idiographic environmental risk. Another (n=30) will be assessed but receive no feedback. Both groups with be followed over 1-month. This study will be the first to our knowledge to examine the contributions of NA and ER to drinking risk in the context of daily life environments. Findings can inform next steps for larger-scale studies, and can be applied to the development of interventions that consider the individual in the context of daily life.