The labour market integration of skilled migrants in international comparison

我们建议的研究项目集中在不同劳动力市场环境的国家中移民的雇佣机会和对其劳动力市场成功的影响。我们认为，东道国的劳动力市场特征会影响雇主的招聘决策，从而影响移民融入经济的机会。我们的目标是回答以下研究问题：a)移民抵达后的招聘机会在不同的劳动力市场环境中是否有所不同？B)公司会允许移民在这些环境中向上流动吗？我们的研究方法是直接比较公司在不同国家雇用移民的可能性。通过这种比较，我们可以测试雇主是否根据国家劳动力市场特征，如学校与工作联系的类型、职业培训制度以及就业监管程度，而对个人养老基金进行不同的奖励。由于这些特征会影响雇主的招聘行为，我们预计具有相似特征的移民在不同的国家会有不同的机会。我们的实证策略有两个：首先，我们将采用实验性的析因调查设计来模拟招聘过程，并研究公司对海外培训移民的评价。通过这种方法，我们可以实验性地改变申请者的国外教育和培训以及其他个人特征。通过在六个不同的国家进行统一的实验调查，我们将能够比较这些个体特征在不同机构环境中的影响。其次，为了更全面地了解各国劳动力市场上移民的经济融入情况，我们将分析现有的大规模调查数据。我们打算使用国际成人能力评估方案(PIAAC)的数据。利用这项全球调查的数据，我们可以分析和比较不同国家的移民劳动力市场调整率和实现的职业地位，扣除个人技能。我们的研究将从几个方面为移民劳动力市场一体化的文献做出贡献：第一，我们更好地理解公司的作用，第二，我们阐明劳动力市场机构的作用。研究结果将为政策制定者提供有价值的见解和建议，帮助政策制定者制定国家制度安排，以促进移民的劳动力市场融合。对于本研究议程，我们预计优先项目S网络将带来实质性的互惠互利，因为它提供了与其他研究人员和学科进行富有成效的交流与合作的机会。特别是，将寻求与拟议的项目合作，这些项目涉及职业机构的影响(Gathmann/Hillmann)、劳动力市场的匹配机制(Merkl/Stüber)以及人事做法的作用和工作流动的坚定背景(Gangl)。

Our proposed research project focuses on migrants` hiring chances and consequences for their labour market success across countries with different labour market settings. We argue that labour market features in the host country shape employers` hiring decisions and thus influence migrants` chances for economic integration. Our objective is to answer the following research questions: a) Do migrants` hiring chances upon arrival vary across different labour market settings? and b) Will firms allow for upward mobility of migrants in these settings?Our research approach is to directly compare the likelihood that firms will hire migrants in different countries. Through this comparison, we can test whether employers reward individual endowments differently depending on national labour market features, such as the type of school-to-work linkages and vocational training systems as well as the degree of employment regulation. Because these features influence employers` hiring behaviour, we expect that migrants with comparable characteristics will have different opportunities in different countries. Our empirical strategy is twofold: First, we will employ an experimental factorial survey design to simulate a hiring process and study firms` evaluation of foreign-trained migrants. With this method we can vary experimentally the foreign education and training along with other individual traits of the applicants. By carrying out harmonized experimental surveys in six different countries we will be able to compare the effects of these individual traits in different institutional settings. Second, to provide a more comprehensive picture of migrants` economic incorporation across national labour markets, we will analyse available large-scale survey data. We intend to use data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). With data from this worldwide survey we can analyse and compare migrants` labour market adjustment rate and realized occupational status in different countries, net of individual skills.Our research will contribute to the literature on the labour market integration of migrants in several ways: First, we gain a better understanding of the role of firms and second, we shed light on the role of labour market institutions. The results will provide valuable insights and recommendations for policy makers how national institutional arrangements can be shaped to enhance the labour market integration of migrants.For this research agenda, we expect substantial mutual benefit from the priority project´s network, as it provides opportunities for fruitful exchange and cooperation with other researchers and disciplines. In particular, collaboration with proposed projects on effects of occupational institutions (Gathmann/Hillmann), mechanisms of matching in the labour market (Merkl/Stüber), and the role of personnel practices and firm context for job mobility (Gangl) will be sought.