Modeling of Ionic Electroactive Polymers - Consistent Formulation of the thermo-electro-chemo-mechanical coupling effects and Finite-Element Discretization

电活性聚合物（EAP）等多功能材料属于智能材料类别。这些材料可以由于外部影响和/或主动能量供应而改变其性质。受生物系统行为的启发，鉴于在工程、材料科学和医学方面的新应用，EAP的开发和制造是国际研究的主题。该研究项目的目的是开发基于连续介质的模型及其算法实现，用于描述离子（湿）EAP的行为。这些材料由聚合物纤维网络组成，孔隙空间充满液体和气体。离子EAP的变形由电场触发的阴离子和阳离子的运动（扩散）驱动。离子EAP的优点是仅需要几伏用于致动，缺点是它们必须保持潮湿。对于这些多相材料的行为的基于连续力学的描述，包括相固体（聚合物基质），液体，气体（蒸汽）和离子，将使用多孔介质理论。考虑到离子型电活性聚合物中的电-热-化学-力学耦合效应，本文将考虑电动力学的平衡方程。应能够根据聚合物基质的湿度预测离子EAP的有效avtion模式。

Multifunctional materials like Electroactive Polymers (EAPs) belong to the class of smart materials. These materials can change their properties due to external influences and/or active energy supply. Inspired by the behavior of biological systems, the development and manufacture of EAPs in view of new applications in engineering, material science and medicine is a subject of international research.The aim of the research project is the development of a continuum-based model and its algorithmic implementation for the description of the behavior of ionic (wet) EAPs. These materials consist of a network of polymer fibers, the pore space is filled with liquid and gas. The deformation of ionic EAPs is driven by the motion of anions and cations (diffusion) triggered by an electric field. An advantage of ionic EAPs is that only a few volts are needed for the actuation, the disadvantage is that they must be kept moist. For the continuum mechanical based description of the behavior of these multiphase materials, consisting of the phases solid (polymer matrix), liquid, gas (vapor) and ions, the Theory of Porous Media will be used. In view of the electro and thermo-chemomechanical coupling effects in ionic EAPs, the balance equations of electrodynamics will be considered. Predictions concerning an efficient mode of avtion of the ionic EAPs depending on the humidity of the polymer matrix shall be enabled.