Diversity effects of trait-based zooplankton feeding interactions in a global ecosystem model
全球生态系统模型中基于性状的浮游动物摄食相互作用的多样性效应
基本信息
- 批准号:257415361
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Priority Programmes
- 财政年份:2014
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:2013-12-31 至 2020-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
A continuing loss of diversity observed across ecosystems raises the question of how diversity influences ecological and biogeochemical processes in the pelagic ocean. Global biogeochemical models are being used to examine interactions between diversity and biogeochemical cycles, but focus on more or less detailed descriptions and simulated distributions of phytoplankton. However, in such models feeding interactions by zooplankton can substantially affect plankton diversity and community structure, and thereby ocean ecosystem functions like primary production and the export of organic matter to the deep ocean. Feeding interactions in these models are typically characterized by oversimplified, static interactions and prescribed trophic links between zooplankton and phytoplankton functional groups. Such rigid feeding formulations may hinder the models' ability to capture reactions of the plankton community to biotic and abiotic changes. In contrast, alternative modelling techniques allowing more plasticity, such as optimality-based or adaptive dynamics models, are better suited to resolve diversity effects and may increase the models' potential to respond to environmental changes as, for example, expected in a future climate. However, such modelling techniques have yet to be employed on the global scale. In this project we want to examine the role of plankton traits and ecology, in particular diversity and community structure, in global biogeochemical cycles by incorporating flexible feeding interactions into a state-of-the-art global biogeochemistry-ecology-circulation model. We will extrapolate process models obtained from the literature and, in a later stage, available from Dynatrait developed for individual settings, experiments, or locations to the global scale. This upscaling will allow us to evaluate effects of trait plasticity and variation on large-scale diversity patterns under different environmental conditions imposing both temporal and geographical constraints. Specific research questions within this approach are:1. How do flexible trophic interactions affect simulated regional and global patterns of plankton diversity and community structure compared to traditional rigid formulations?2. How does zooplankton diversity (not previously considered in global models) affect the simulated plankton community dynamics, diversity and ecosystem functioning?3. How do simulated future environmental changes influence the community dynamics and the relationship between diversity and large-scale ecosystem functions?
在各生态系统中观察到的多样性持续丧失,提出了多样性如何影响远洋海洋生态和生物地球化学过程的问题。全球海洋地球化学模式被用来研究多样性和海洋地球化学循环之间的相互作用,但侧重于或多或少的详细描述和模拟浮游植物的分布。然而,在这种模式中,浮游动物的摄食相互作用可以大大影响浮游生物的多样性和群落结构,从而影响海洋生态系统的功能,如初级生产和向深海输出有机物质。在这些模型中,摄食相互作用的典型特征是过于简化,静态的相互作用和规定的浮游动物和浮游植物功能群之间的营养联系。这种严格的喂养配方可能会阻碍模型捕捉浮游生物群落对生物和非生物变化的反应的能力。相比之下,允许更大可塑性的替代建模技术,如基于最优或自适应动态模型,更适合于解决多样性效应,并可能增加模型对环境变化作出反应的潜力,例如对未来气候的预期变化。然而,这种建模技术尚未在全球范围内使用。在这个项目中,我们要检查的浮游生物特征和生态,特别是多样性和社区结构,在全球海洋地球化学循环的作用,通过将灵活的喂养相互作用到一个国家的最先进的全球海洋地球化学生态循环模型。我们将外推从文献中获得的过程模型,并在稍后的阶段,从Dynatrait开发的个人设置,实验,或全球范围内的位置。这种升级将使我们能够评估在不同的环境条件下施加时间和地理限制的性状可塑性和变化对大规模多样性模式的影响。具体的研究问题在这种方法是:1。灵活的营养相互作用如何影响模拟的区域和全球模式的浮游生物多样性和群落结构相比,传统的刚性配方?2.浮游动物多样性(以前没有考虑在全球模式)如何影响模拟浮游生物群落动态,多样性和生态系统功能?3.模拟的未来环境变化如何影响群落动态以及多样性与大尺度生态系统功能之间的关系?
项目成果
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